Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review
This study aims at identifying national salt reduction initiatives in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region and describing their progress towards the global salt reduction target. A systematic review of published and grey literature was conducted. Key characteristics of strategies were extra...
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doaj-3c234acaff674ad09e4fec823cfd7b472021-08-26T14:10:31ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-07-01132676267610.3390/nu13082676Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic ReviewAyoub Al-Jawaldeh0Mandy Taktouk1Aya Chatila2Sally Naalbandian3Al-Anoud Mohammed Al-Thani4Majid M. Alkhalaf5Salima Almamary6Rawhieh Barham7Nimah M. Baqadir8Faisal F. Binsunaid9Gihan Fouad10Lara Nasreddine11Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), World Health Organization (WHO), Cairo 11435, EgyptNutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, LebanonNutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, LebanonScience and Agriculture Library, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, LebanonHealth Promotion and NCD Division, Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha 42, QatarNational Nutrition Committee, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh 13312-6288, Saudi ArabiaNutrition Department, Ministry of Health, Muscat 393, OmanNutrition Department, Ministry of Health, Amman 11118, JordanNational Nutrition Committee, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh 13312-6288, Saudi ArabiaHealthy Food Department, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh 13312-6288, Saudi ArabiaNational Nutrition Institute, Cairo 11435, EgyptNutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, LebanonThis study aims at identifying national salt reduction initiatives in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region and describing their progress towards the global salt reduction target. A systematic review of published and grey literature was conducted. Key characteristics of strategies were extracted and classified according to a pre-defined framework: salt intake assessments; leadership and strategic approach; implementation strategies; monitoring and evaluation of program impact. Salt intake levels were estimated in 15 out of the 22 countries (68%), while national salt reduction initiatives were identified in 13 (59%). The majority of countries were found to implement multifaceted reduction interventions, characterized by a combination of two or more implementation strategies. The least common implementation strategy was taxation, while the most common was reformulation (100%), followed by consumer education (77%), initiatives in specific settings (54%), and front of pack labelling (46%). Monitoring activities were conducted by few countries (27%), while impact evaluations were lacking. Despite the ongoing salt reduction efforts in several countries of the region, more action is needed to initiate reduction programs in countries that are lagging behind, and to ensure rigorous implementation and evaluations of ongoing programs. Such efforts are vital for the achievement of the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2676saltreductionstrategyimplementationevaluationEastern Mediterranean Region |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh Mandy Taktouk Aya Chatila Sally Naalbandian Al-Anoud Mohammed Al-Thani Majid M. Alkhalaf Salima Almamary Rawhieh Barham Nimah M. Baqadir Faisal F. Binsunaid Gihan Fouad Lara Nasreddine |
spellingShingle |
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh Mandy Taktouk Aya Chatila Sally Naalbandian Al-Anoud Mohammed Al-Thani Majid M. Alkhalaf Salima Almamary Rawhieh Barham Nimah M. Baqadir Faisal F. Binsunaid Gihan Fouad Lara Nasreddine Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review Nutrients salt reduction strategy implementation evaluation Eastern Mediterranean Region |
author_facet |
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh Mandy Taktouk Aya Chatila Sally Naalbandian Al-Anoud Mohammed Al-Thani Majid M. Alkhalaf Salima Almamary Rawhieh Barham Nimah M. Baqadir Faisal F. Binsunaid Gihan Fouad Lara Nasreddine |
author_sort |
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh |
title |
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review |
title_short |
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review |
title_full |
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr |
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review |
title_sort |
salt reduction initiatives in the eastern mediterranean region and evaluation of progress towards the 2025 global target: a systematic review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
This study aims at identifying national salt reduction initiatives in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region and describing their progress towards the global salt reduction target. A systematic review of published and grey literature was conducted. Key characteristics of strategies were extracted and classified according to a pre-defined framework: salt intake assessments; leadership and strategic approach; implementation strategies; monitoring and evaluation of program impact. Salt intake levels were estimated in 15 out of the 22 countries (68%), while national salt reduction initiatives were identified in 13 (59%). The majority of countries were found to implement multifaceted reduction interventions, characterized by a combination of two or more implementation strategies. The least common implementation strategy was taxation, while the most common was reformulation (100%), followed by consumer education (77%), initiatives in specific settings (54%), and front of pack labelling (46%). Monitoring activities were conducted by few countries (27%), while impact evaluations were lacking. Despite the ongoing salt reduction efforts in several countries of the region, more action is needed to initiate reduction programs in countries that are lagging behind, and to ensure rigorous implementation and evaluations of ongoing programs. Such efforts are vital for the achievement of the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake. |
topic |
salt reduction strategy implementation evaluation Eastern Mediterranean Region |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2676 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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