Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development
In this review, we discuss the state of our knowledge as it relates to embryonic brain vascular patterning in model systems zebrafish and mouse. We focus on the origins of endothelial cell and the distinguishing features of brain endothelial cells compared to non-brain endothelial cells, which is re...
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doaj-3c487797f63042eea2c78c71cc4b15382021-02-12T05:30:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2021-02-011210.3389/fphys.2021.636736636736Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular DevelopmentAnkan Gupta0Kevin R. Rarick1Ramani Ramchandran2Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children’s Research Institute (CRI), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Children’s Research Institute (CRI), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children’s Research Institute (CRI), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United StatesIn this review, we discuss the state of our knowledge as it relates to embryonic brain vascular patterning in model systems zebrafish and mouse. We focus on the origins of endothelial cell and the distinguishing features of brain endothelial cells compared to non-brain endothelial cells, which is revealed by single cell RNA-sequencing methodologies. We also discuss the cross talk between brain endothelial cells and neural stem cells, and their effect on each other. In terms of mechanisms, we focus exclusively on Wnt signaling and the recent developments associated with this signaling network in brain vascular patterning, and the benefits and challenges associated with strategies for targeting the brain vasculature. We end the review with a discussion on the emerging areas of meningeal lymphatics, endothelial cilia biology and novel cerebrovascular structures identified in vertebrates.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.636736/fullendothelial cellbrainblood–brain barrierneurovascular diseaseneural stem cellneuron |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ankan Gupta Kevin R. Rarick Ramani Ramchandran |
spellingShingle |
Ankan Gupta Kevin R. Rarick Ramani Ramchandran Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development Frontiers in Physiology endothelial cell brain blood–brain barrier neurovascular disease neural stem cell neuron |
author_facet |
Ankan Gupta Kevin R. Rarick Ramani Ramchandran |
author_sort |
Ankan Gupta |
title |
Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development |
title_short |
Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development |
title_full |
Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development |
title_fullStr |
Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development |
title_full_unstemmed |
Established, New and Emerging Concepts in Brain Vascular Development |
title_sort |
established, new and emerging concepts in brain vascular development |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
In this review, we discuss the state of our knowledge as it relates to embryonic brain vascular patterning in model systems zebrafish and mouse. We focus on the origins of endothelial cell and the distinguishing features of brain endothelial cells compared to non-brain endothelial cells, which is revealed by single cell RNA-sequencing methodologies. We also discuss the cross talk between brain endothelial cells and neural stem cells, and their effect on each other. In terms of mechanisms, we focus exclusively on Wnt signaling and the recent developments associated with this signaling network in brain vascular patterning, and the benefits and challenges associated with strategies for targeting the brain vasculature. We end the review with a discussion on the emerging areas of meningeal lymphatics, endothelial cilia biology and novel cerebrovascular structures identified in vertebrates. |
topic |
endothelial cell brain blood–brain barrier neurovascular disease neural stem cell neuron |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.636736/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT ankangupta establishednewandemergingconceptsinbrainvasculardevelopment AT kevinrrarick establishednewandemergingconceptsinbrainvasculardevelopment AT ramaniramchandran establishednewandemergingconceptsinbrainvasculardevelopment |
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