The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012
This study aims to examine whether there were changes between 1995–2012 in the dietary glycaemic index (dGI) and glycaemic load (dGL) in Australian children (<16 years) according to three national surveys in 1995 (1995NS), 2007 (2007NS), and 2011–2012 (2012NS). Glycaemic i...
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doaj-3d170b176f824606865a32157bc858142020-11-24T20:56:10ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432018-09-01109131210.3390/nu10091312nu10091312The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012Chris Ho Ching Yeung0Devina Tri Lestrai Kusnadi1Alan Winston Barclay2Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller3Jimmy Chun Yu Louie4School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, ChinaCharles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, AustraliaPrivate Practice, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, ChinaThis study aims to examine whether there were changes between 1995–2012 in the dietary glycaemic index (dGI) and glycaemic load (dGL) in Australian children (<16 years) according to three national surveys in 1995 (1995NS), 2007 (2007NS), and 2011–2012 (2012NS). Glycaemic index (GI) values of foods were assigned using published methodology. Plausible 24-h recall data from the 1995NS, 2007NS and 2012NS (weighted n = 2475, 4373 and 1691 respectively) were compared for differences in dGI and dGL, and the contribution to dGL from different foods using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons and linear regression. Decreasing trends across surveys were found in dGI and dGL (p < 0.001). Between 1995 and 2012, dGI and dGL per Megajoule (MJ) dropped by 2% and 6% respectively. The per capita dGL contribution from breads and bread rolls, fruit and vegetable juices, sweetened beverages and potatoes showed strong decreasing trends (R2 > 0.7). Our findings suggest that dGI and dGL of Australian youths declined between 1995 to 2012, which may be due to increased awareness of the GI concept and healthy diet, widened food choices and immigrants with diverse dietary habits. This may lower the future risks of chronic degenerative diseases in Australian youths.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/9/1312glycaemic indexglycaemic loadAustralian children and adolescentsnational nutrition surveystrend analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chris Ho Ching Yeung Devina Tri Lestrai Kusnadi Alan Winston Barclay Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller Jimmy Chun Yu Louie |
spellingShingle |
Chris Ho Ching Yeung Devina Tri Lestrai Kusnadi Alan Winston Barclay Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller Jimmy Chun Yu Louie The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 Nutrients glycaemic index glycaemic load Australian children and adolescents national nutrition surveys trend analysis |
author_facet |
Chris Ho Ching Yeung Devina Tri Lestrai Kusnadi Alan Winston Barclay Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller Jimmy Chun Yu Louie |
author_sort |
Chris Ho Ching Yeung |
title |
The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
title_short |
The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
title_full |
The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
title_fullStr |
The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Decreasing Trend in Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load in Australian Children and Adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
title_sort |
decreasing trend in dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load in australian children and adolescents between 1995 and 2012 |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
This study aims to examine whether there were changes between 1995–2012 in the dietary glycaemic index (dGI) and glycaemic load (dGL) in Australian children (<16 years) according to three national surveys in 1995 (1995NS), 2007 (2007NS), and 2011–2012 (2012NS). Glycaemic index (GI) values of foods were assigned using published methodology. Plausible 24-h recall data from the 1995NS, 2007NS and 2012NS (weighted n = 2475, 4373 and 1691 respectively) were compared for differences in dGI and dGL, and the contribution to dGL from different foods using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons and linear regression. Decreasing trends across surveys were found in dGI and dGL (p < 0.001). Between 1995 and 2012, dGI and dGL per Megajoule (MJ) dropped by 2% and 6% respectively. The per capita dGL contribution from breads and bread rolls, fruit and vegetable juices, sweetened beverages and potatoes showed strong decreasing trends (R2 > 0.7). Our findings suggest that dGI and dGL of Australian youths declined between 1995 to 2012, which may be due to increased awareness of the GI concept and healthy diet, widened food choices and immigrants with diverse dietary habits. This may lower the future risks of chronic degenerative diseases in Australian youths. |
topic |
glycaemic index glycaemic load Australian children and adolescents national nutrition surveys trend analysis |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/9/1312 |
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