Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil Avaliação do impacto de um programa de suplementação alimentar para crianças desnutridas no Brasil

To assess the effectiveness on child growth and body composition of a supplementary feeding program (Milk Supplement Program), a prospective, controlled study was conducted in Northeast Brazil. When entering the Program, children from 10 municipalities with the highest coverage rates in the Program...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Iná S. Santos, Denise P. Gigante, Denise C. Coitinho, Hinke Haisma, Neiva C. J. Valle, Gicele Valente
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz 2005-06-01
Series:Cadernos de Saúde Pública
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2005000300011
Description
Summary:To assess the effectiveness on child growth and body composition of a supplementary feeding program (Milk Supplement Program), a prospective, controlled study was conducted in Northeast Brazil. When entering the Program, children from 10 municipalities with the highest coverage rates in the Program (intervention group) were compared to non-beneficiary children from 10 municipalities with the lowest coverage rates (control group). A total of 219 children aged 6-18 months were enrolled. At entry, both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, and nutritional status. There were frequent gaps in delivery of the supplement, no extra milk was provided to siblings less than 5 years of age, intra-household redistribution of milk was high, and maternal compliance with recommendations was low. Adjusted analyses by multilevel modelling showed average changes in weight, length, weight-age and length-age Z-scores, and % body water (deuterium method), at 6 months, of 1.53kg, 6.34cm, 0.33, 0.05, and 1.11% respectively among supplemented children as compared to 1.54kg, 6.5cm, 0.26, 0.07, and 4.10% among controls, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Thus, the Program failed to compensate for nutritional deficiencies in undernourished children in Northeast Brazil.<br>Um estudo prospectivo, controlado foi realizado no Nordeste do Brasil para avaliar a efetividade de um programa de suplementação alimentar (Programa do Leite) sobre crescimento infantil e composição corporal. Ao ingressar no programa, crianças de dez municípios com as maiores taxas de cobertura do programa (intervenção) foram comparadas a crianças não-beneficiárias de dez municípios com as menores taxas de cobertura (controle). Um total de 219 crianças de 6-18 meses de idade foram arroladas. Ao entrar no estudo, ambos os grupos eram comparáveis quanto a sexo, idade e estado nutricional. Houve freqüentes falhas na entrega do suplemento, não foi fornecido leite para os familiares menores de cinco anos, a redistribuição intradomiciliar do leite foi alta e a adesão materna ao recomendado, baixa. Análises ajustadas por modelos multiníveis mostraram variações em peso, comprimento, escore Z peso-idade, comprimento-idade e água corporal (método deutério), em seis meses, respectivamente de 1,53kg; 6,34cm; 0,33; 0,05 e 1,11%, entre as suplementadas; contra 1,54kg; 6,57cm; 0,26; 0,07 e 4,10% entre as controles, sem diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclui-se que o programa não foi efetivo para compensar deficiências nutricionais no nordeste brasileiro.
ISSN:0102-311X
1678-4464