Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study
<p>The NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>RS) project included goals related to aerosol particle life cycle in convective regimes. Using th...
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Copernicus Publications
2019-09-01
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Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/11413/2019/acp-19-11413-2019.pdf |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
J. S. Reid D. J. Posselt K. Kaku R. A. Holz G. Chen E. W. Eloranta R. E. Kuehn S. Woods J. Zhang B. Anderson T. P. Bui G. S. Diskin P. Minnis P. Minnis M. J. Newchurch S. Tanelli C. R. Trepte K. L. Thornhill L. D. Ziemba |
spellingShingle |
J. S. Reid D. J. Posselt K. Kaku R. A. Holz G. Chen E. W. Eloranta R. E. Kuehn S. Woods J. Zhang B. Anderson T. P. Bui G. S. Diskin P. Minnis P. Minnis M. J. Newchurch S. Tanelli C. R. Trepte K. L. Thornhill L. D. Ziemba Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
author_facet |
J. S. Reid D. J. Posselt K. Kaku R. A. Holz G. Chen E. W. Eloranta R. E. Kuehn S. Woods J. Zhang B. Anderson T. P. Bui G. S. Diskin P. Minnis P. Minnis M. J. Newchurch S. Tanelli C. R. Trepte K. L. Thornhill L. D. Ziemba |
author_sort |
J. S. Reid |
title |
Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study |
title_short |
Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study |
title_full |
Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study |
title_fullStr |
Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case study |
title_sort |
observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a seac<sup>4</sup>rs case study |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
<p>The NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>RS) project included goals related
to aerosol particle life cycle in convective regimes. Using the University of
Wisconsin High Spectral Resolution Lidar system at Huntsville, Alabama, USA, and the NASA DC-8 research aircraft, we investigate the altitude dependence
of aerosol, water vapor and Altocumulus (Ac) properties in the free
troposphere from a canonical 12 August 2013 convective storm case as a
segue to a presentation of a mission-wide analysis. It stands to reason that
any moisture detrainment from convection must have an associated aerosol
layer. Modes of covariability between aerosol, water vapor and Ac are
examined relative to the boundary layer entrainment zone, 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C level,
and anvil, a region known to contain Ac clouds and a complex aerosol
layering structure (Reid et al., 2017). Multiple aerosol layers in regions
warmer than 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C were observed within the planetary boundary layer entrainment zone. At
0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C there is a proclivity for aerosol and water vapor detrainment from
storms, in association with melting level Ac shelves. Finally, at
temperatures colder than 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C, weak aerosol layers were identified above Cumulus congestus tops (<span class="inline-formula">∼0</span> and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">20</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="8d516c7f10428f65837c03e018b98af2"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-11413-2019-ie00001.svg" width="32pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-11413-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C). Stronger aerosol signals return in association with anvil
outflow. In situ data suggest that detraining particles undergo aqueous-phase or heterogeneous chemical or microphysical transformations, while at
the same time larger particles are being scavenged at higher altitudes
leading to enhanced nucleation. We conclude by discussing hypotheses
regarding links to aerosol emissions and potential indirect effects on Ac
clouds.</p> |
url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/11413/2019/acp-19-11413-2019.pdf |
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doaj-3d7d782560ad4adf913c0e84d52a5a732020-11-25T00:37:04ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-09-0119114131144210.5194/acp-19-11413-2019Observations and hypotheses related to low to middle free tropospheric aerosol, water vapor and altocumulus cloud layers within convective weather regimes: a SEAC<sup>4</sup>RS case studyJ. S. Reid0D. J. Posselt1K. Kaku2R. A. Holz3G. Chen4E. W. Eloranta5R. E. Kuehn6S. Woods7J. Zhang8B. Anderson9T. P. Bui10G. S. Diskin11P. Minnis12P. Minnis13M. J. Newchurch14S. Tanelli15C. R. Trepte16K. L. Thornhill17L. D. Ziemba18US Naval Research Laboratory, Marine Meteorology Division Monterey, CA, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USAGeneral Dynamics Information Technology, Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA, USASpace Sciences Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USASpace Sciences Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USASpace Sciences Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USASPEC Inc. Boulder, CO, USAUniversity of North Dakota, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USANASA Ames Research Center, Earth Science Division, Moffett Field, CA, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USAnow at: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USADepartment of Atmospheric and Earth Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USANASA Langley Research Center, Science Directorate, Hampton, VA, USA<p>The NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>RS) project included goals related to aerosol particle life cycle in convective regimes. Using the University of Wisconsin High Spectral Resolution Lidar system at Huntsville, Alabama, USA, and the NASA DC-8 research aircraft, we investigate the altitude dependence of aerosol, water vapor and Altocumulus (Ac) properties in the free troposphere from a canonical 12 August 2013 convective storm case as a segue to a presentation of a mission-wide analysis. It stands to reason that any moisture detrainment from convection must have an associated aerosol layer. Modes of covariability between aerosol, water vapor and Ac are examined relative to the boundary layer entrainment zone, 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C level, and anvil, a region known to contain Ac clouds and a complex aerosol layering structure (Reid et al., 2017). Multiple aerosol layers in regions warmer than 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C were observed within the planetary boundary layer entrainment zone. At 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C there is a proclivity for aerosol and water vapor detrainment from storms, in association with melting level Ac shelves. Finally, at temperatures colder than 0 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C, weak aerosol layers were identified above Cumulus congestus tops (<span class="inline-formula">∼0</span> and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">20</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="8d516c7f10428f65837c03e018b98af2"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-19-11413-2019-ie00001.svg" width="32pt" height="10pt" src="acp-19-11413-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C). Stronger aerosol signals return in association with anvil outflow. In situ data suggest that detraining particles undergo aqueous-phase or heterogeneous chemical or microphysical transformations, while at the same time larger particles are being scavenged at higher altitudes leading to enhanced nucleation. We conclude by discussing hypotheses regarding links to aerosol emissions and potential indirect effects on Ac clouds.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/11413/2019/acp-19-11413-2019.pdf |