A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders
Patients with movement disorders have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances that can be classified as (1) nocturnal sleep symptoms, such as insomnia, nocturia, restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLM), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and REM sleep behavior disorder; and (2) diurn...
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doaj-3d8e18032be84f858653bea0887425612020-11-25T01:54:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952018-05-01910.3389/fneur.2018.00369363807A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement DisordersMónica M. Kurtis0Roberta Balestrino1Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez2Maria João Forjaz3Pablo Martinez-Martin4Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, ItalyNational Center of Epidemiology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, SpainNational School of Public Health and Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, SpainNational Center of Epidemiology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, SpainPatients with movement disorders have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances that can be classified as (1) nocturnal sleep symptoms, such as insomnia, nocturia, restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLM), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and REM sleep behavior disorder; and (2) diurnal problems that include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and sleep attacks. The objective of this review is to provide a practical overview of the most relevant scales that assess these disturbances to guide the choice of the most useful instrument/s depending on the line of research or clinical focus. For each scale, the reader will find a brief description of practicalities and psychometric properties, use in movement disorder cohorts and analyzed strengths and limitations. To assess insomnia, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a generic scale, and three disease-specific scales: the Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), the PDSS-2, and Scales for outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD)-Sleep-Nocturnal Sleep subscale are discussed. To evaluate nocturia, there are no specific tools, but some extensively validated generic urinary symptom scales (the Overall Bladder Questionnaire and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score) and some PD-specific scales that include a nocturia item are available. To measure RLS severity, there are currently four domain-specific generic scales: The International Restless Legs Scale, the Johns Hopkins Restless Legs Severity Scale, the Restless Legs Syndrome-6 measure, a Pediatric RLS Severity Scale, and the Augmentation Severity Rating Scale (a scale to evaluate augmentation under treatment) and several instruments that assess impact on quality of sleep and health-related quality of life. To evaluate the presence of PLM, no clinical scales have been developed to date. As far as OSA, commonly used instruments such as the Sleep Apnea Scale of the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire, the STOP-Bang questionnaire, and the Berlin Questionnaire are reviewed. Three scales have been extensively used to assess EDS: the generic Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Stanford Sleepiness Scale, and the PD-specific Scales for outcomes in PD-Sleep-Daytime sleepiness subscale. To date, only the Inappropriate Sleep Composite Score specifically evaluates propensity to sleep attacks.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.00369/fullParkinson’s diseaseParkinsonismchoreadystoniainsomnianocturia |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mónica M. Kurtis Roberta Balestrino Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez Maria João Forjaz Pablo Martinez-Martin |
spellingShingle |
Mónica M. Kurtis Roberta Balestrino Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez Maria João Forjaz Pablo Martinez-Martin A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders Frontiers in Neurology Parkinson’s disease Parkinsonism chorea dystonia insomnia nocturia |
author_facet |
Mónica M. Kurtis Roberta Balestrino Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez Maria João Forjaz Pablo Martinez-Martin |
author_sort |
Mónica M. Kurtis |
title |
A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders |
title_short |
A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders |
title_full |
A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders |
title_fullStr |
A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Review of Scales to Evaluate Sleep Disturbances in Movement Disorders |
title_sort |
review of scales to evaluate sleep disturbances in movement disorders |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neurology |
issn |
1664-2295 |
publishDate |
2018-05-01 |
description |
Patients with movement disorders have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances that can be classified as (1) nocturnal sleep symptoms, such as insomnia, nocturia, restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLM), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and REM sleep behavior disorder; and (2) diurnal problems that include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and sleep attacks. The objective of this review is to provide a practical overview of the most relevant scales that assess these disturbances to guide the choice of the most useful instrument/s depending on the line of research or clinical focus. For each scale, the reader will find a brief description of practicalities and psychometric properties, use in movement disorder cohorts and analyzed strengths and limitations. To assess insomnia, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a generic scale, and three disease-specific scales: the Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), the PDSS-2, and Scales for outcomes in Parkinson’s disease (PD)-Sleep-Nocturnal Sleep subscale are discussed. To evaluate nocturia, there are no specific tools, but some extensively validated generic urinary symptom scales (the Overall Bladder Questionnaire and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score) and some PD-specific scales that include a nocturia item are available. To measure RLS severity, there are currently four domain-specific generic scales: The International Restless Legs Scale, the Johns Hopkins Restless Legs Severity Scale, the Restless Legs Syndrome-6 measure, a Pediatric RLS Severity Scale, and the Augmentation Severity Rating Scale (a scale to evaluate augmentation under treatment) and several instruments that assess impact on quality of sleep and health-related quality of life. To evaluate the presence of PLM, no clinical scales have been developed to date. As far as OSA, commonly used instruments such as the Sleep Apnea Scale of the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire, the STOP-Bang questionnaire, and the Berlin Questionnaire are reviewed. Three scales have been extensively used to assess EDS: the generic Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Stanford Sleepiness Scale, and the PD-specific Scales for outcomes in PD-Sleep-Daytime sleepiness subscale. To date, only the Inappropriate Sleep Composite Score specifically evaluates propensity to sleep attacks. |
topic |
Parkinson’s disease Parkinsonism chorea dystonia insomnia nocturia |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.00369/full |
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