Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile
Background: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet⁻disease relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variab...
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doaj-3db564397ada4f4fbe1dc9a0f4b8d2532020-11-24T20:56:11ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672018-11-011911366210.3390/ijms19113662ijms19113662Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk ProfileCristina Galarregui0María Ángeles Zulet1Irene Cantero2Bertha Araceli Marín-Alejandre3José Ignacio Monreal4Mariana Elorz5Alberto Benito-Boillos6José Ignacio Herrero7Josep Antoni Tur8Itziar Abete9José Alfredo Martínez10Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, SpainNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, SpainNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, SpainNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, SpainBiomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainBackground: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet⁻disease relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variables related to nutritive status and insulin resistance (IR) risk in cardiometabolic subjects. Methods: A total of 112 overweight or obese adults (age: 50.8 ± 9 years old) were included in the trial. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was also used to calculate the dietary TAC, GI, and GL. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glycemic and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as fatty liver quantification by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. Results: Subjects with higher values of TAC had significantly lower circulating insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Participants with higher values of HOMA-IR showed significantly higher GI and GL. Correlation analyses showed relevant inverse associations of GI and GL with TAC. A regression model evidenced a relationship of HOMA-IR with TAC, GI, and GL. Conclusion: This data reinforces the concept that dietary TAC, GI, and GL are potential markers of diet quality, which have an impact on the susceptible population with a cardiometabolic risk profile.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/11/3662antioxidantsglucosedietdiabetesprecision nutrition |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Cristina Galarregui María Ángeles Zulet Irene Cantero Bertha Araceli Marín-Alejandre José Ignacio Monreal Mariana Elorz Alberto Benito-Boillos José Ignacio Herrero Josep Antoni Tur Itziar Abete José Alfredo Martínez |
spellingShingle |
Cristina Galarregui María Ángeles Zulet Irene Cantero Bertha Araceli Marín-Alejandre José Ignacio Monreal Mariana Elorz Alberto Benito-Boillos José Ignacio Herrero Josep Antoni Tur Itziar Abete José Alfredo Martínez Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile International Journal of Molecular Sciences antioxidants glucose diet diabetes precision nutrition |
author_facet |
Cristina Galarregui María Ángeles Zulet Irene Cantero Bertha Araceli Marín-Alejandre José Ignacio Monreal Mariana Elorz Alberto Benito-Boillos José Ignacio Herrero Josep Antoni Tur Itziar Abete José Alfredo Martínez |
author_sort |
Cristina Galarregui |
title |
Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile |
title_short |
Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile |
title_full |
Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile |
title_fullStr |
Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interplay of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Dietary Antioxidant Capacity with Insulin Resistance in Subjects with a Cardiometabolic Risk Profile |
title_sort |
interplay of glycemic index, glycemic load, and dietary antioxidant capacity with insulin resistance in subjects with a cardiometabolic risk profile |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Background: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet⁻disease relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variables related to nutritive status and insulin resistance (IR) risk in cardiometabolic subjects. Methods: A total of 112 overweight or obese adults (age: 50.8 ± 9 years old) were included in the trial. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was also used to calculate the dietary TAC, GI, and GL. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glycemic and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as fatty liver quantification by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. Results: Subjects with higher values of TAC had significantly lower circulating insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Participants with higher values of HOMA-IR showed significantly higher GI and GL. Correlation analyses showed relevant inverse associations of GI and GL with TAC. A regression model evidenced a relationship of HOMA-IR with TAC, GI, and GL. Conclusion: This data reinforces the concept that dietary TAC, GI, and GL are potential markers of diet quality, which have an impact on the susceptible population with a cardiometabolic risk profile. |
topic |
antioxidants glucose diet diabetes precision nutrition |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/11/3662 |
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