Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil
Knowing water consumption patterns in buildings is key information for water planning. This article aims to characterize the water consumption pattern and water end-uses in low-income houses in the region of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. Data were collected by interviewing householders, as well as...
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doaj-3dcb1224d6c1487aae6619f2bad7608c2020-11-25T00:13:09ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412014-07-01671985199910.3390/w6071985w6071985Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern BrazilAna Kelly Marinoski0Abel Silva Vieira1Arthur Santos Silva2Enedir Ghisi3Laboratory of Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88040-900, BrazilKnowing water consumption patterns in buildings is key information for water planning. This article aims to characterize the water consumption pattern and water end-uses in low-income houses in the region of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. Data were collected by interviewing householders, as well as by measuring the flow rate of existing water fixtures and appliances. The results indicated that the shower was the fixture with the largest water consumption in households, i.e., about 30%–36% of total water consumption on average, followed by the toilet (18%–20%). The surveyed households consumed from 111 to 152 L/capita·day on average, based on different income ranges. No correlation was found between income and water consumption. The results of this study can be used to estimate the consumption of water for new buildings, as well as to develop integrated water management strategies in low-income developments, in Florianópolis, such as water-saving plumbing fixtures, rainwater harvesting, and greywater reuse. Likely, there would be a deferral of capital investments in new water assets for enhancing water and wastewater services by saving water in low-income houses.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/6/7/1985water consumption patternwater end usessocioeconomic characteristicslow-income houses |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ana Kelly Marinoski Abel Silva Vieira Arthur Santos Silva Enedir Ghisi |
spellingShingle |
Ana Kelly Marinoski Abel Silva Vieira Arthur Santos Silva Enedir Ghisi Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil Water water consumption pattern water end uses socioeconomic characteristics low-income houses |
author_facet |
Ana Kelly Marinoski Abel Silva Vieira Arthur Santos Silva Enedir Ghisi |
author_sort |
Ana Kelly Marinoski |
title |
Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil |
title_short |
Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil |
title_full |
Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Water End-Uses in Low-Income Houses in Southern Brazil |
title_sort |
water end-uses in low-income houses in southern brazil |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Water |
issn |
2073-4441 |
publishDate |
2014-07-01 |
description |
Knowing water consumption patterns in buildings is key information for water planning. This article aims to characterize the water consumption pattern and water end-uses in low-income houses in the region of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. Data were collected by interviewing householders, as well as by measuring the flow rate of existing water fixtures and appliances. The results indicated that the shower was the fixture with the largest water consumption in households, i.e., about 30%–36% of total water consumption on average, followed by the toilet (18%–20%). The surveyed households consumed from 111 to 152 L/capita·day on average, based on different income ranges. No correlation was found between income and water consumption. The results of this study can be used to estimate the consumption of water for new buildings, as well as to develop integrated water management strategies in low-income developments, in Florianópolis, such as water-saving plumbing fixtures, rainwater harvesting, and greywater reuse. Likely, there would be a deferral of capital investments in new water assets for enhancing water and wastewater services by saving water in low-income houses. |
topic |
water consumption pattern water end uses socioeconomic characteristics low-income houses |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/6/7/1985 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT anakellymarinoski waterendusesinlowincomehousesinsouthernbrazil AT abelsilvavieira waterendusesinlowincomehousesinsouthernbrazil AT arthursantossilva waterendusesinlowincomehousesinsouthernbrazil AT enedirghisi waterendusesinlowincomehousesinsouthernbrazil |
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