Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are three essential macro-elements for plant growth and development. Used to improve yield in agricultural production, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers often leads to increased production costs and ecological environmental pollution. Vitamins...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7429 |
id |
doaj-3ebf93e2359c449690ae0f9edeefeddf |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-3ebf93e2359c449690ae0f9edeefeddf2020-11-25T03:56:20ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-01217429742910.3390/ijms21197429Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-ElementsZhong-Wei Zhang0Xin-Yue Yang1Xiao-Jian Zheng2Yu-Fan Fu3Ting Lan4Xiao-Yan Tang5Chang-Quan Wang6Guang-Deng Chen7Jian Zeng8Shu Yuan9College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaNitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are three essential macro-elements for plant growth and development. Used to improve yield in agricultural production, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers often leads to increased production costs and ecological environmental pollution. Vitamins C and E are antioxidants that play an important role in alleviating abiotic stress. However, there are few studies on alleviating oxidative stress caused by macro-element deficiency. Here, we used Arabidopsis vitamin E synthesis-deficient mutant <i>vte4</i> and vitamin C synthesis-deficient mutant<i> vtc1</i> on which exogenous vitamin E and vitamin C, respectively, were applied at the bolting stage. In the deficiency of macro-elements, the Arabidopsis chlorophyll content decreased, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electric conductivity increased, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated. The mutants <i>vtc1</i> and <i>vte4</i> are more severely stressed than the wild-type plants. Adding exogenous vitamin E was found to better alleviate stress than adding vitamin C. Vitamin C barely affected and vitamin E significantly inhibited the synthesis of ethylene (ETH) and jasmonic acid (JA) genes, thereby reducing the accumulation of ETH and JA that alleviated the senescence caused by macro-element deficiency at the later stage of bolting in Arabidopsis. A deficiency of macro-elements also reduced the yield and germination rate of the seeds, which were more apparent in <i>vtc1</i> and <i>vte4, </i>and adding exogenous vitamin C and vitamin E, respectively, could restore them. This study reported, for the first time, that vitamin E is better than vitamin C in delaying seedling senescence caused by macro-element deficiency in Arabidopsis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7429macro-element deficiencysenescencevitamin Cvitamin Eoxidative stress |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhong-Wei Zhang Xin-Yue Yang Xiao-Jian Zheng Yu-Fan Fu Ting Lan Xiao-Yan Tang Chang-Quan Wang Guang-Deng Chen Jian Zeng Shu Yuan |
spellingShingle |
Zhong-Wei Zhang Xin-Yue Yang Xiao-Jian Zheng Yu-Fan Fu Ting Lan Xiao-Yan Tang Chang-Quan Wang Guang-Deng Chen Jian Zeng Shu Yuan Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements International Journal of Molecular Sciences macro-element deficiency senescence vitamin C vitamin E oxidative stress |
author_facet |
Zhong-Wei Zhang Xin-Yue Yang Xiao-Jian Zheng Yu-Fan Fu Ting Lan Xiao-Yan Tang Chang-Quan Wang Guang-Deng Chen Jian Zeng Shu Yuan |
author_sort |
Zhong-Wei Zhang |
title |
Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements |
title_short |
Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements |
title_full |
Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements |
title_fullStr |
Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vitamin E is Superior to Vitamin C in Delaying Seedling Senescence and Improving Resistance in Arabidopsis Deficient in Macro-Elements |
title_sort |
vitamin e is superior to vitamin c in delaying seedling senescence and improving resistance in arabidopsis deficient in macro-elements |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are three essential macro-elements for plant growth and development. Used to improve yield in agricultural production, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers often leads to increased production costs and ecological environmental pollution. Vitamins C and E are antioxidants that play an important role in alleviating abiotic stress. However, there are few studies on alleviating oxidative stress caused by macro-element deficiency. Here, we used Arabidopsis vitamin E synthesis-deficient mutant <i>vte4</i> and vitamin C synthesis-deficient mutant<i> vtc1</i> on which exogenous vitamin E and vitamin C, respectively, were applied at the bolting stage. In the deficiency of macro-elements, the Arabidopsis chlorophyll content decreased, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electric conductivity increased, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated. The mutants <i>vtc1</i> and <i>vte4</i> are more severely stressed than the wild-type plants. Adding exogenous vitamin E was found to better alleviate stress than adding vitamin C. Vitamin C barely affected and vitamin E significantly inhibited the synthesis of ethylene (ETH) and jasmonic acid (JA) genes, thereby reducing the accumulation of ETH and JA that alleviated the senescence caused by macro-element deficiency at the later stage of bolting in Arabidopsis. A deficiency of macro-elements also reduced the yield and germination rate of the seeds, which were more apparent in <i>vtc1</i> and <i>vte4, </i>and adding exogenous vitamin C and vitamin E, respectively, could restore them. This study reported, for the first time, that vitamin E is better than vitamin C in delaying seedling senescence caused by macro-element deficiency in Arabidopsis. |
topic |
macro-element deficiency senescence vitamin C vitamin E oxidative stress |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7429 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT zhongweizhang vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT xinyueyang vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT xiaojianzheng vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT yufanfu vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT tinglan vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT xiaoyantang vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT changquanwang vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT guangdengchen vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT jianzeng vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements AT shuyuan vitamineissuperiortovitamincindelayingseedlingsenescenceandimprovingresistanceinarabidopsisdeficientinmacroelements |
_version_ |
1724465515171151872 |