Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts
Broccoli contains a substantial amount of bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, phenolics, and essential nutrients, which are positively linked to health-promoting effects. This work aimed to evaluate whether both edible and non-edible parts of broccoli could be effective by examining in vitro...
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doaj-3f194aa4703242cf921f63dcaf0fde772020-11-25T03:38:45ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472020-04-0113828210.3390/ph13050082Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible PartsThanh Ninh Le0Napat Sakulsataporn1Chiu-Hsia Chiu2and Pao-Chuan Hsieh3Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91207, TaiwanDepartment of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91207, TaiwanDepartment of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91207, TaiwanDepartment of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91207, TaiwanBroccoli contains a substantial amount of bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, phenolics, and essential nutrients, which are positively linked to health-promoting effects. This work aimed to evaluate whether both edible and non-edible parts of broccoli could be effective by examining in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, apoptotic, and antibacterial properties of its floret, leaf, and seed extracts (FE, LE, and SE, correspondingly). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various assays exhibited strong antioxidant activities of all samples. LE obtained the highest capacity, correlated to its polyphenolic contents. SE exerted significant cytotoxicity against A549, Caco-2, and HepG2 cancer cell lines at low inhibitory concentration (IC)<sub>50</sub> values (0.134, 0.209, and 0.238 mg/mL, respectively), as tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry confirmed apoptosis induction of extracts in Caco-2 cells by revealing an increased subG1 population and a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. The considerable antibacterial efficacy was observed in either LE and SE against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> <i>typhimurium</i> (0.39–0.78 mg/mL) using well-agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques, along with the weak activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1.56–3.13 mg/mL). The findings suggest that broccoli and its byproducts might serve as a promising source for further development of food or pharmaceutical products.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/5/82broccolibyproductsantioxidant activitycytotoxicityapoptosisantibacterial activity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Thanh Ninh Le Napat Sakulsataporn Chiu-Hsia Chiu and Pao-Chuan Hsieh |
spellingShingle |
Thanh Ninh Le Napat Sakulsataporn Chiu-Hsia Chiu and Pao-Chuan Hsieh Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts Pharmaceuticals broccoli byproducts antioxidant activity cytotoxicity apoptosis antibacterial activity |
author_facet |
Thanh Ninh Le Napat Sakulsataporn Chiu-Hsia Chiu and Pao-Chuan Hsieh |
author_sort |
Thanh Ninh Le |
title |
Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts |
title_short |
Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts |
title_full |
Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts |
title_fullStr |
Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polyphenolic Profile and Varied Bioactivities of Processed Taiwanese Grown Broccoli: A Comparative Study of Edible and Non-Edible Parts |
title_sort |
polyphenolic profile and varied bioactivities of processed taiwanese grown broccoli: a comparative study of edible and non-edible parts |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pharmaceuticals |
issn |
1424-8247 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Broccoli contains a substantial amount of bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, phenolics, and essential nutrients, which are positively linked to health-promoting effects. This work aimed to evaluate whether both edible and non-edible parts of broccoli could be effective by examining in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, apoptotic, and antibacterial properties of its floret, leaf, and seed extracts (FE, LE, and SE, correspondingly). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various assays exhibited strong antioxidant activities of all samples. LE obtained the highest capacity, correlated to its polyphenolic contents. SE exerted significant cytotoxicity against A549, Caco-2, and HepG2 cancer cell lines at low inhibitory concentration (IC)<sub>50</sub> values (0.134, 0.209, and 0.238 mg/mL, respectively), as tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry confirmed apoptosis induction of extracts in Caco-2 cells by revealing an increased subG1 population and a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. The considerable antibacterial efficacy was observed in either LE and SE against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> <i>typhimurium</i> (0.39–0.78 mg/mL) using well-agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques, along with the weak activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1.56–3.13 mg/mL). The findings suggest that broccoli and its byproducts might serve as a promising source for further development of food or pharmaceutical products. |
topic |
broccoli byproducts antioxidant activity cytotoxicity apoptosis antibacterial activity |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/5/82 |
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