Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of intrauterine (IU), intrapartum (IP), and postpartum (PP) transmission to mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (MTCT) and infant mortality in the first 6 months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral the...
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doaj-3f6c4a6a5d3a40cdbb6c7579cee25b2e2021-08-28T04:41:52ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122021-08-011099298Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapyLynn S. Zijenah0Tsitsi Bandason1Wilbert Bara2Maria Mary Chipiti3David Allan Katzenstein4Immunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Investigative Science, University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe; Corresponding author: Lynn S. Zijenah, Immunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Investigative Science, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mazoe Street, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel: +263242707707. Fax: +263242724912.Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, ZimbabweMinistry of Health and Child Care, Harare, ZimbabweImmunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Investigative Science, University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Harare, ZimbabweBiomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, ZimbabweObjectives: The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of intrauterine (IU), intrapartum (IP), and postpartum (PP) transmission to mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (MTCT) and infant mortality in the first 6 months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Plasma for virus load (VL) quantitation was obtained from 451 women enrolled into the study. VL was quantified using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 quantitative test. Dried blood spots were collected from 453 infants at birth, 4–6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. HIV-1 infant diagnosis was conducted using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 qualitative test. Absolute and cumulative MTCT rates, and the mortality rate by 6 months were calculated. Results: Seven mothers (1.55%) had transmitted HIV-1 infection to their infants by 6 months. Four infants (0.88%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26–2.33%) were infected IU, one infant (0.22%, 95% CI 0–1.4%) was infected IP, and two infants (0.44%, 95% CI 0.01–1.7%) were infected PP. The infant mortality rate was 0.88% (95% CI 0.26–2.33%). Conclusions: In the first 6 months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy, IU transmission is the major route of MTCT. The cumulative MTCT rate of 1.55% in a breastfeeding population contributes to growing evidence that complete elimination of MTCT is possible.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221005257Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1IntrauterineIntrapartumPostpartumInfant mortalityCepheid GeneXpert point-of-care testing |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lynn S. Zijenah Tsitsi Bandason Wilbert Bara Maria Mary Chipiti David Allan Katzenstein |
spellingShingle |
Lynn S. Zijenah Tsitsi Bandason Wilbert Bara Maria Mary Chipiti David Allan Katzenstein Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy International Journal of Infectious Diseases Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 Intrauterine Intrapartum Postpartum Infant mortality Cepheid GeneXpert point-of-care testing |
author_facet |
Lynn S. Zijenah Tsitsi Bandason Wilbert Bara Maria Mary Chipiti David Allan Katzenstein |
author_sort |
Lynn S. Zijenah |
title |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
title_short |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
title_full |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
title_fullStr |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
title_sort |
mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1 and infant mortality in the first six months of life, in the era of option b plus combination antiretroviral therapy |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1201-9712 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of intrauterine (IU), intrapartum (IP), and postpartum (PP) transmission to mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (MTCT) and infant mortality in the first 6 months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Plasma for virus load (VL) quantitation was obtained from 451 women enrolled into the study. VL was quantified using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 quantitative test. Dried blood spots were collected from 453 infants at birth, 4–6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. HIV-1 infant diagnosis was conducted using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 qualitative test. Absolute and cumulative MTCT rates, and the mortality rate by 6 months were calculated. Results: Seven mothers (1.55%) had transmitted HIV-1 infection to their infants by 6 months. Four infants (0.88%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26–2.33%) were infected IU, one infant (0.22%, 95% CI 0–1.4%) was infected IP, and two infants (0.44%, 95% CI 0.01–1.7%) were infected PP. The infant mortality rate was 0.88% (95% CI 0.26–2.33%). Conclusions: In the first 6 months of life, in the era of Option B Plus combination antiretroviral therapy, IU transmission is the major route of MTCT. The cumulative MTCT rate of 1.55% in a breastfeeding population contributes to growing evidence that complete elimination of MTCT is possible. |
topic |
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 Intrauterine Intrapartum Postpartum Infant mortality Cepheid GeneXpert point-of-care testing |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221005257 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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