Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy
The long history of asexual reproduction of garlic using garlic cloves has resulted in virus accumulation and genetic depression. Propagation of garlic seedlings by tissue culture can both eliminate viruses and improve breeding efficiency. Aerial bulbs are the first-choice materials for breeding vir...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2019-01-01
|
Series: | International Journal of Genomics |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9140572 |
id |
doaj-3fb4e42524b2497ca61353176fc1f0a3 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-3fb4e42524b2497ca61353176fc1f0a32020-11-25T02:29:35ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Genomics2314-436X2314-43782019-01-01201910.1155/2019/91405729140572Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb DormancyYuhui Dong0Mengjiao Guan1Lixia Wang2Lei Yuan3Xiudong Sun4Shiqi Liu5State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Garlic Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271000, ChinaThe long history of asexual reproduction of garlic using garlic cloves has resulted in virus accumulation and genetic depression. Propagation of garlic seedlings by tissue culture can both eliminate viruses and improve breeding efficiency. Aerial bulbs are the first-choice materials for breeding virus-free garlic seedlings under external conditions, but they show dormancy just like garlic bulbs. However, low temperatures can quickly break dormancy. In this research, we used a high-throughput sequencing method to sequence aerial bulbs during dormancy and after low-temperature-induced breaking of dormancy to screen out the key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with low temperature and to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the molecular mechanism of low-temperature-induced breaking of aerial bulb dormancy. The high-throughput transcriptome sequencing results showed that 6,675 DEGs were upregulated and 36,596 DEGs were downregulated in the aerial bulbs given low-temperature treatment. Then, 19,507 DEGs were assigned KEGG annotations, among which most DEGs were annotated to the metabolism pathway (11,817 genes, accounting for 60.58%), followed by the genetic information processing pathway (4,521 genes, accounting for 23.18%). The DEGs were mostly concentrated in pathways such as protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, with significant enrichment. The key DEGs related to calcium signaling, hormonal signaling, and transcription factors were screened out, including CaM, CDPK, and CML in accessory pathways of calcium signaling; GA20ox, GAI1, and GA2ox in accessory pathways of hormonal signaling; and transcription factor genes such as MYB, AP2/ERF, bHLH, MADS, and bZIP. qRT-PCR verification results were consistent with the sequencing results, indicating that the transcriptome sequencing data were accurate and reliable. Our results provide a theoretical basis for breaking the dormancy of aerial bulbs with low-temperature treatment to produce virus-free seedlings and increase the output and quality of garlic.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9140572 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yuhui Dong Mengjiao Guan Lixia Wang Lei Yuan Xiudong Sun Shiqi Liu |
spellingShingle |
Yuhui Dong Mengjiao Guan Lixia Wang Lei Yuan Xiudong Sun Shiqi Liu Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy International Journal of Genomics |
author_facet |
Yuhui Dong Mengjiao Guan Lixia Wang Lei Yuan Xiudong Sun Shiqi Liu |
author_sort |
Yuhui Dong |
title |
Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy |
title_short |
Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy |
title_full |
Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy |
title_fullStr |
Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transcriptome Analysis of Low-Temperature-Induced Breaking of Garlic Aerial Bulb Dormancy |
title_sort |
transcriptome analysis of low-temperature-induced breaking of garlic aerial bulb dormancy |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
International Journal of Genomics |
issn |
2314-436X 2314-4378 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
The long history of asexual reproduction of garlic using garlic cloves has resulted in virus accumulation and genetic depression. Propagation of garlic seedlings by tissue culture can both eliminate viruses and improve breeding efficiency. Aerial bulbs are the first-choice materials for breeding virus-free garlic seedlings under external conditions, but they show dormancy just like garlic bulbs. However, low temperatures can quickly break dormancy. In this research, we used a high-throughput sequencing method to sequence aerial bulbs during dormancy and after low-temperature-induced breaking of dormancy to screen out the key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with low temperature and to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the molecular mechanism of low-temperature-induced breaking of aerial bulb dormancy. The high-throughput transcriptome sequencing results showed that 6,675 DEGs were upregulated and 36,596 DEGs were downregulated in the aerial bulbs given low-temperature treatment. Then, 19,507 DEGs were assigned KEGG annotations, among which most DEGs were annotated to the metabolism pathway (11,817 genes, accounting for 60.58%), followed by the genetic information processing pathway (4,521 genes, accounting for 23.18%). The DEGs were mostly concentrated in pathways such as protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, with significant enrichment. The key DEGs related to calcium signaling, hormonal signaling, and transcription factors were screened out, including CaM, CDPK, and CML in accessory pathways of calcium signaling; GA20ox, GAI1, and GA2ox in accessory pathways of hormonal signaling; and transcription factor genes such as MYB, AP2/ERF, bHLH, MADS, and bZIP. qRT-PCR verification results were consistent with the sequencing results, indicating that the transcriptome sequencing data were accurate and reliable. Our results provide a theoretical basis for breaking the dormancy of aerial bulbs with low-temperature treatment to produce virus-free seedlings and increase the output and quality of garlic. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9140572 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT yuhuidong transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy AT mengjiaoguan transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy AT lixiawang transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy AT leiyuan transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy AT xiudongsun transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy AT shiqiliu transcriptomeanalysisoflowtemperatureinducedbreakingofgarlicaerialbulbdormancy |
_version_ |
1724832282740523008 |