Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature
Heterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogene...
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doaj-4055ac5d6eb242859c570b6059bbbdf92020-11-24T23:17:53ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942014-01-016122623910.3390/cancers6010226cancers6010226Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous NatureMaria-del-Mar Inda0Rudy Bonavia1Joan Seoane2Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainTranslational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainTranslational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 119-129 Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona 08035, SpainHeterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogeneity has been studied widely, intra-tumor heterogeneity has been neglected even though numerous studies support this aspect of tumor pathobiology. The main reason has been the technical difficulties, but with new advances in single-cell technology, intra-tumor heterogeneity is becoming a key area in the study of cancer. Several models try to explain the origin and maintenance of intra-tumor heterogeneity, however, one prominent model compares cancer with a tree where the ubiquitous mutations compose the trunk and mutations present in subpopulations of cells are represented by the branches. In this review we will focus on the intra-tumor heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common brain tumor in adults that is characterized by a marked heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. Better understanding of this heterogeneity will be essential to design effective therapies against this devastating disease to avoid tumor escape.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/1/226heterogeneityglioblastomaclonal evolutioncancer stem cell |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane |
spellingShingle |
Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature Cancers heterogeneity glioblastoma clonal evolution cancer stem cell |
author_facet |
Maria-del-Mar Inda Rudy Bonavia Joan Seoane |
author_sort |
Maria-del-Mar Inda |
title |
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
title_short |
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
title_full |
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
title_fullStr |
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Look Inside Its Heterogeneous Nature |
title_sort |
glioblastoma multiforme: a look inside its heterogeneous nature |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2014-01-01 |
description |
Heterogeneity is a hallmark of tumors and has a crucial role in the outcome of the malignancy, because it not only confounds diagnosis, but also challenges the design of effective therapies. There are two types of heterogeneity: inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity. While inter-tumor heterogeneity has been studied widely, intra-tumor heterogeneity has been neglected even though numerous studies support this aspect of tumor pathobiology. The main reason has been the technical difficulties, but with new advances in single-cell technology, intra-tumor heterogeneity is becoming a key area in the study of cancer. Several models try to explain the origin and maintenance of intra-tumor heterogeneity, however, one prominent model compares cancer with a tree where the ubiquitous mutations compose the trunk and mutations present in subpopulations of cells are represented by the branches. In this review we will focus on the intra-tumor heterogeneity of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common brain tumor in adults that is characterized by a marked heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. Better understanding of this heterogeneity will be essential to design effective therapies against this devastating disease to avoid tumor escape. |
topic |
heterogeneity glioblastoma clonal evolution cancer stem cell |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/1/226 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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