Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are suspected to produce toxic effects toward mammalian cells; however, discrepancies in the extent of this effect have been reported between different cell lines. Simultaneously, high levels of ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation can have carcinogenic effects. The mechanism...
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doaj-407417ccc2ab480c8344a6b8f39470412020-11-24T20:57:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-11-012311297910.3390/molecules23112979molecules23112979Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary CellsRegina E. Kuebodeaux0Paul Bernazzani1Thi Thuy Minh Nguyen2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USAZinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are suspected to produce toxic effects toward mammalian cells; however, discrepancies in the extent of this effect have been reported between different cell lines. Simultaneously, high levels of ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation can have carcinogenic effects. The mechanism of this effect is also not well understood. Due to similarities in phenotype morphology after cell exposure to ZnO nanoparticles and UV-C irradiation, we emit the hypothesis that the toxicity of both these factors is related to damage of cellular membranes and affect their sterol content. Wild-type Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells were exposed to ZnO nanoparticles or UV-C radiation. The amount of absorbed ZnO was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy and the changes in sterol profiles were evaluated by gas chromatography. Cell viability after both treatments was determined by microscopy. Comparing morphology results suggested similarities in toxicology events induced by ZnO nanoparticles and UV exposure. UV-C exposure for 360 min disrupts the sterol metabolic pathway by increasing the concentration of cholesterol by 21.6-fold. This increase in cholesterol production supports the hypothesis that UV irradiation has direct consequences in initiating sterol modifications in the cell membrane.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/11/2979UV-radiationZnOtoxicitysterol contentcholesterol |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Regina E. Kuebodeaux Paul Bernazzani Thi Thuy Minh Nguyen |
spellingShingle |
Regina E. Kuebodeaux Paul Bernazzani Thi Thuy Minh Nguyen Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Molecules UV-radiation ZnO toxicity sterol content cholesterol |
author_facet |
Regina E. Kuebodeaux Paul Bernazzani Thi Thuy Minh Nguyen |
author_sort |
Regina E. Kuebodeaux |
title |
Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells |
title_short |
Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells |
title_full |
Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells |
title_fullStr |
Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cytotoxic and Membrane Cholesterol Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells |
title_sort |
cytotoxic and membrane cholesterol effects of ultraviolet irradiation and zinc oxide nanoparticles on chinese hamster ovary cells |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are suspected to produce toxic effects toward mammalian cells; however, discrepancies in the extent of this effect have been reported between different cell lines. Simultaneously, high levels of ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation can have carcinogenic effects. The mechanism of this effect is also not well understood. Due to similarities in phenotype morphology after cell exposure to ZnO nanoparticles and UV-C irradiation, we emit the hypothesis that the toxicity of both these factors is related to damage of cellular membranes and affect their sterol content. Wild-type Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells were exposed to ZnO nanoparticles or UV-C radiation. The amount of absorbed ZnO was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy and the changes in sterol profiles were evaluated by gas chromatography. Cell viability after both treatments was determined by microscopy. Comparing morphology results suggested similarities in toxicology events induced by ZnO nanoparticles and UV exposure. UV-C exposure for 360 min disrupts the sterol metabolic pathway by increasing the concentration of cholesterol by 21.6-fold. This increase in cholesterol production supports the hypothesis that UV irradiation has direct consequences in initiating sterol modifications in the cell membrane. |
topic |
UV-radiation ZnO toxicity sterol content cholesterol |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/11/2979 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT reginaekuebodeaux cytotoxicandmembranecholesteroleffectsofultravioletirradiationandzincoxidenanoparticlesonchinesehamsterovarycells AT paulbernazzani cytotoxicandmembranecholesteroleffectsofultravioletirradiationandzincoxidenanoparticlesonchinesehamsterovarycells AT thithuyminhnguyen cytotoxicandmembranecholesteroleffectsofultravioletirradiationandzincoxidenanoparticlesonchinesehamsterovarycells |
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