MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease that, despite advances in lifestyle management and drug therapy, remains to be the major cause of high morbidity and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in industrialized countries. Therefore, there is a great need in reliable diagn...
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doaj-40d35d3354c2408fae7e95fbe23405262020-11-25T02:03:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-11-012022554710.3390/ijms20225547ijms20225547MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in AtherosclerosisAlexey Churov0Volha Summerhill1Andrey Grechko2Varvara Orekhova3Alexander Orekhov4Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 11 Pushkinskaya Street, Petrozavodsk Karelia 185910, RussiaInstitute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, RussiaFederal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 14-3 Solyanka Street, Moscow 109240, RussiaLaboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, Moscow 125315, RussiaInstitute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, RussiaAtherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease that, despite advances in lifestyle management and drug therapy, remains to be the major cause of high morbidity and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in industrialized countries. Therefore, there is a great need in reliable diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and effective treatment alternatives to reduce its burden. It was established that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules, can regulate the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level and, accordingly, coordinate the cellular protein expression. Thus, they are involved not only in cell-specific physiological functions but also in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of human pathologies, including atherosclerosis. MiRNAs may be significant in the dysregulation that affects endothelial integrity, the function of vascular smooth muscle and inflammatory cells, and cellular cholesterol homeostasis that drives the initiation and growth of an atherosclerotic plaque. Besides, distinct expression patterns of several miRNAs are attributed to atherosclerotic and cardiovascular patients. In this article, the evidence indicating the multiple critical roles of miRNAs and their relevant molecular mechanisms related to atherosclerosis development and progression was reviewed. Moreover, the effects of miRNAs on atherosclerosis enabled to exploit them as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets that may lead to better management of atherosclerosis and CVDs.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/22/5547atherosclerosismirnabiomarkerinflammationendothelial dysfunctionendothelial cellsvascular smooth muscle cellslipid metabolism |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alexey Churov Volha Summerhill Andrey Grechko Varvara Orekhova Alexander Orekhov |
spellingShingle |
Alexey Churov Volha Summerhill Andrey Grechko Varvara Orekhova Alexander Orekhov MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis International Journal of Molecular Sciences atherosclerosis mirna biomarker inflammation endothelial dysfunction endothelial cells vascular smooth muscle cells lipid metabolism |
author_facet |
Alexey Churov Volha Summerhill Andrey Grechko Varvara Orekhova Alexander Orekhov |
author_sort |
Alexey Churov |
title |
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis |
title_short |
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis |
title_full |
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis |
title_fullStr |
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Atherosclerosis |
title_sort |
micrornas as potential biomarkers in atherosclerosis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease that, despite advances in lifestyle management and drug therapy, remains to be the major cause of high morbidity and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in industrialized countries. Therefore, there is a great need in reliable diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and effective treatment alternatives to reduce its burden. It was established that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules, can regulate the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level and, accordingly, coordinate the cellular protein expression. Thus, they are involved not only in cell-specific physiological functions but also in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of human pathologies, including atherosclerosis. MiRNAs may be significant in the dysregulation that affects endothelial integrity, the function of vascular smooth muscle and inflammatory cells, and cellular cholesterol homeostasis that drives the initiation and growth of an atherosclerotic plaque. Besides, distinct expression patterns of several miRNAs are attributed to atherosclerotic and cardiovascular patients. In this article, the evidence indicating the multiple critical roles of miRNAs and their relevant molecular mechanisms related to atherosclerosis development and progression was reviewed. Moreover, the effects of miRNAs on atherosclerosis enabled to exploit them as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets that may lead to better management of atherosclerosis and CVDs. |
topic |
atherosclerosis mirna biomarker inflammation endothelial dysfunction endothelial cells vascular smooth muscle cells lipid metabolism |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/22/5547 |
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