Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey
Abstract Background The occurrence of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) varied globally with most of the cases coming from developing countries including Yemen. The disparity in IMR in Yemen however, has not been well dealt and therefore we examined the IMR inequality based on the most reliable methodolog...
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doaj-426b5c599ce3472492a9e2a01c81ca282021-05-02T11:22:39ZengBMCArchives of Public Health2049-32582021-04-017911810.1186/s13690-021-00589-1Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health surveyBetregiorgis Zegeye0Gebretsadik Shibre1Jemal Haidar2Gorems Lemma3HaSET Maternal and Child Health Research Program, Shewarobit Field OfficeDepartment of Reproductive, Family and Population Health, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa UniversityDepartment of nutrition and dietetics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa UniversityChacha Health Center, Angolela Tera Health OfficeAbstract Background The occurrence of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) varied globally with most of the cases coming from developing countries including Yemen. The disparity in IMR in Yemen however, has not been well dealt and therefore we examined the IMR inequality based on the most reliable methodology in order to generate evidence-based information for some program initiatives in Yemen. Methods Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software, we analyzed the inequality across the different inequality dimensions in Yemen. The toolkit analyzes data stored in the WHO health equity monitor database. Simple and complex, and absolute and relative measures of inequality were calculated for the four dimensions of inequality (subpopulations) which included wealth, education, sex and residence. We computed a 95 % CI to assess statistical significance. Results The analysis included 31, 743 infants. Absolute and relative wealth-driven, education, urban-rural and sex-based inequalities were found in IMR. Higher concentration of IMR was observed among infants from the poorest/poor households (ACI=-4.68, 95 % CI; -6.57, -2.79, R = 1.61, 95 % CI; 1.18, 2.03), rural residents (D = 15.07, 95 % CI; 8.04, 22.09, PAF=-23.57, 95 % CI; -25.47, -21.68), mothers who had no formal education (ACI=-2.16, 95 % CI; -3.79, -0.54) and had male infants (PAF= -3.66, 95 % CI; -4.86, -2.45). Conclusions Higher concentration of IMR was observed among male infants from disadvantaged subpopulations such as poorest/poor, uneducated and rural residents. To eliminate the observed inequalities, interventions are needed to target the poorest/poor households, rural residents, mothers with no formal education and male infants.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00589-1Infant mortalityInequalityYemenDHSGlobal health |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Betregiorgis Zegeye Gebretsadik Shibre Jemal Haidar Gorems Lemma |
spellingShingle |
Betregiorgis Zegeye Gebretsadik Shibre Jemal Haidar Gorems Lemma Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey Archives of Public Health Infant mortality Inequality Yemen DHS Global health |
author_facet |
Betregiorgis Zegeye Gebretsadik Shibre Jemal Haidar Gorems Lemma |
author_sort |
Betregiorgis Zegeye |
title |
Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey |
title_short |
Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey |
title_full |
Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey |
title_fullStr |
Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey |
title_full_unstemmed |
Socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 Yemen demographic and health survey |
title_sort |
socioeconomic, urban‐rural and sex‐based inequality in infant mortality rate: evidence from 2013 yemen demographic and health survey |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Archives of Public Health |
issn |
2049-3258 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Background The occurrence of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) varied globally with most of the cases coming from developing countries including Yemen. The disparity in IMR in Yemen however, has not been well dealt and therefore we examined the IMR inequality based on the most reliable methodology in order to generate evidence-based information for some program initiatives in Yemen. Methods Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software, we analyzed the inequality across the different inequality dimensions in Yemen. The toolkit analyzes data stored in the WHO health equity monitor database. Simple and complex, and absolute and relative measures of inequality were calculated for the four dimensions of inequality (subpopulations) which included wealth, education, sex and residence. We computed a 95 % CI to assess statistical significance. Results The analysis included 31, 743 infants. Absolute and relative wealth-driven, education, urban-rural and sex-based inequalities were found in IMR. Higher concentration of IMR was observed among infants from the poorest/poor households (ACI=-4.68, 95 % CI; -6.57, -2.79, R = 1.61, 95 % CI; 1.18, 2.03), rural residents (D = 15.07, 95 % CI; 8.04, 22.09, PAF=-23.57, 95 % CI; -25.47, -21.68), mothers who had no formal education (ACI=-2.16, 95 % CI; -3.79, -0.54) and had male infants (PAF= -3.66, 95 % CI; -4.86, -2.45). Conclusions Higher concentration of IMR was observed among male infants from disadvantaged subpopulations such as poorest/poor, uneducated and rural residents. To eliminate the observed inequalities, interventions are needed to target the poorest/poor households, rural residents, mothers with no formal education and male infants. |
topic |
Infant mortality Inequality Yemen DHS Global health |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00589-1 |
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