Association Between Secondary Botulinum Toxin A Treatment Failure in Cosmetic Indication and Anti-Complexing Protein Antibody Production
Abstract Introduction Botulinum toxin A (BoT/A) treatment failure (BTF) affects patients subjected to repeated BoT/A exposure for cosmetic indications. BoT/A’s general formulation contains core BoT/A and complexing proteins. BTF may be caused by antibody-induced treatment failure. Antibodies against...
Main Authors: | Rungsima Wanitphakdeedecha, Watsachon Kantaviro, Panittra Suphatsathienkul, Ploypailin Tantrapornpong, Chadakan Yan, Chalermkwan Apinumtham, Yuttana Srinoulprasert |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Adis, Springer Healthcare
2020-05-01
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Series: | Dermatology and Therapy |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-020-00397-5 |
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