Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience
Over the past few decades, several radiotracers have been developed for neuroimaging applications, especially in PET. Because of their low steric hindrance, PET radionuclides can be used to label molecules that are small enough to cross the blood brain barrier, without modifying their biological pro...
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doaj-43d088d56f6b4705bf1b73739b138afe2020-11-25T02:47:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2019-11-01610.3389/fmed.2019.00268456627Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in NeuroscienceMarie Beaurain0Marie Beaurain1Anne-Sophie Salabert2Anne-Sophie Salabert3Maria Joao Ribeiro4Maria Joao Ribeiro5Maria Joao Ribeiro6Nicolas Arlicot7Nicolas Arlicot8Nicolas Arlicot9Philippe Damier10Florence Le Jeune11Jean-François Demonet12Pierre Payoux13Pierre Payoux14CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, FranceToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, FranceCHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, FranceToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, FranceUMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, FranceInserm CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, FranceCHRU Tours, Tours, FranceUMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, FranceInserm CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, FranceCHRU Tours, Tours, FranceInserm U913, Neurology Department, University Hospital, Nantes, FranceCentre Eugène Marquis, Rennes, FranceLeenards Memory Centre, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, SwitzerlandCHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, FranceToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, FranceOver the past few decades, several radiotracers have been developed for neuroimaging applications, especially in PET. Because of their low steric hindrance, PET radionuclides can be used to label molecules that are small enough to cross the blood brain barrier, without modifying their biological properties. As the use of 11C is limited by its short physical half-life (20 min), there has been an increasing focus on developing tracers labeled with 18F for clinical use. The first such tracers allowed cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism to be measured, and the development of molecular imaging has since enabled to focus more closely on specific targets such as receptors, neurotransmitter transporters, and other proteins. Hence, PET and SPECT biomarkers have become indispensable for innovative clinical research. Currently, the treatment options for a number of pathologies, notably neurodegenerative diseases, remain only supportive and symptomatic. Treatments that slow down or reverse disease progression are therefore the subject of numerous studies, in which molecular imaging is proving to be a powerful tool. PET and SPECT biomarkers already make it possible to diagnose several neurological diseases in vivo and at preclinical stages, yielding topographic, and quantitative data about the target. As a result, they can be used for assessing patients' eligibility for new treatments, or for treatment follow-up. The aim of the present review was to map major innovative radiotracers used in neuroscience, and explain their contribution to clinical research. We categorized them according to their target: dopaminergic, cholinergic or serotoninergic systems, β-amyloid plaques, tau protein, neuroinflammation, glutamate or GABA receptors, or α-synuclein. Most neurological disorders, and indeed mental disorders, involve the dysfunction of one or more of these targets. Combinations of molecular imaging biomarkers can afford us a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease development over time, and contribute to early detection/screening, diagnosis, therapy delivery/monitoring, and treatment follow-up in both research and clinical settings.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2019.00268/fullmolecular imagingclinical researchneurologypsychiatryPETSPECT |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marie Beaurain Marie Beaurain Anne-Sophie Salabert Anne-Sophie Salabert Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Philippe Damier Florence Le Jeune Jean-François Demonet Pierre Payoux Pierre Payoux |
spellingShingle |
Marie Beaurain Marie Beaurain Anne-Sophie Salabert Anne-Sophie Salabert Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Philippe Damier Florence Le Jeune Jean-François Demonet Pierre Payoux Pierre Payoux Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience Frontiers in Medicine molecular imaging clinical research neurology psychiatry PET SPECT |
author_facet |
Marie Beaurain Marie Beaurain Anne-Sophie Salabert Anne-Sophie Salabert Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Maria Joao Ribeiro Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Nicolas Arlicot Philippe Damier Florence Le Jeune Jean-François Demonet Pierre Payoux Pierre Payoux |
author_sort |
Marie Beaurain |
title |
Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience |
title_short |
Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience |
title_full |
Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience |
title_fullStr |
Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience |
title_full_unstemmed |
Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience |
title_sort |
innovative molecular imaging for clinical research, therapeutic stratification, and nosography in neuroscience |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Medicine |
issn |
2296-858X |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Over the past few decades, several radiotracers have been developed for neuroimaging applications, especially in PET. Because of their low steric hindrance, PET radionuclides can be used to label molecules that are small enough to cross the blood brain barrier, without modifying their biological properties. As the use of 11C is limited by its short physical half-life (20 min), there has been an increasing focus on developing tracers labeled with 18F for clinical use. The first such tracers allowed cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism to be measured, and the development of molecular imaging has since enabled to focus more closely on specific targets such as receptors, neurotransmitter transporters, and other proteins. Hence, PET and SPECT biomarkers have become indispensable for innovative clinical research. Currently, the treatment options for a number of pathologies, notably neurodegenerative diseases, remain only supportive and symptomatic. Treatments that slow down or reverse disease progression are therefore the subject of numerous studies, in which molecular imaging is proving to be a powerful tool. PET and SPECT biomarkers already make it possible to diagnose several neurological diseases in vivo and at preclinical stages, yielding topographic, and quantitative data about the target. As a result, they can be used for assessing patients' eligibility for new treatments, or for treatment follow-up. The aim of the present review was to map major innovative radiotracers used in neuroscience, and explain their contribution to clinical research. We categorized them according to their target: dopaminergic, cholinergic or serotoninergic systems, β-amyloid plaques, tau protein, neuroinflammation, glutamate or GABA receptors, or α-synuclein. Most neurological disorders, and indeed mental disorders, involve the dysfunction of one or more of these targets. Combinations of molecular imaging biomarkers can afford us a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease development over time, and contribute to early detection/screening, diagnosis, therapy delivery/monitoring, and treatment follow-up in both research and clinical settings. |
topic |
molecular imaging clinical research neurology psychiatry PET SPECT |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2019.00268/full |
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