A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been widely explored as a way to safely modulate brain activity and alter human performance for nearly three decades. Research using NIBS has grown exponentially within the last decade with promising results across a variety of clinical and healthy populatio...
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doaj-446336b43b16480f8af95309e6fe43e72020-11-25T00:09:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2018-04-011210.3389/fnins.2018.00253338556A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent ModulationsVirginia Lopez-Alonso0Virginia Lopez-Alonso1Virginia Lopez-Alonso2Sook-Lei Liew3Sook-Lei Liew4Miguel Fernández del Olmo5Binith Cheeran6Binith Cheeran7Marco Sandrini8Mitsunari Abe9Leonardo G. Cohen10Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesDepartment of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, “Center of Higher Education Alberta Giménez (CESAG)” Comillas Pontifical University, Palma, SpainDepartment of Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences of Sport and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, SpainHuman Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesDepartments of Occupational Therapy, Biokinesiology, and Neurology, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences of Sport and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, SpainMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, United KingdomThe London Clinic, London, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine, Center for Neurological Disorders, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, JapanHuman Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesNon-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been widely explored as a way to safely modulate brain activity and alter human performance for nearly three decades. Research using NIBS has grown exponentially within the last decade with promising results across a variety of clinical and healthy populations. However, recent work has shown high inter-individual variability and a lack of reproducibility of previous results. Here, we conducted a small preliminary study to explore the effects of three of the most commonly used excitatory NIBS paradigms over the primary motor cortex (M1) on motor learning (Sequential Visuomotor Isometric Pinch Force Tracking Task) and secondarily relate changes in motor learning to changes in cortical excitability (MEP amplitude and SICI). We compared anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), paired associative stimulation (PAS25), and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), along with a sham tDCS control condition. Stimulation was applied prior to motor learning. Participants (n = 28) were randomized into one of the four groups and were trained on a skilled motor task. Motor learning was measured immediately after training (online), 1 day after training (consolidation), and 1 week after training (retention). We did not find consistent differential effects on motor learning or cortical excitability across groups. Within the boundaries of our small sample sizes, we then assessed effect sizes across the NIBS groups that could help power future studies. These results, which require replication with larger samples, are consistent with previous reports of small and variable effect sizes of these interventions on motor learning.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00253/fullnon-invasive brain stimulationmotor learningtranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)paired associative stimulation (PAS)theta burst stimulation (TBS)power analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Sook-Lei Liew Sook-Lei Liew Miguel Fernández del Olmo Binith Cheeran Binith Cheeran Marco Sandrini Mitsunari Abe Leonardo G. Cohen |
spellingShingle |
Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Sook-Lei Liew Sook-Lei Liew Miguel Fernández del Olmo Binith Cheeran Binith Cheeran Marco Sandrini Mitsunari Abe Leonardo G. Cohen A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations Frontiers in Neuroscience non-invasive brain stimulation motor learning transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired associative stimulation (PAS) theta burst stimulation (TBS) power analysis |
author_facet |
Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Virginia Lopez-Alonso Sook-Lei Liew Sook-Lei Liew Miguel Fernández del Olmo Binith Cheeran Binith Cheeran Marco Sandrini Mitsunari Abe Leonardo G. Cohen |
author_sort |
Virginia Lopez-Alonso |
title |
A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations |
title_short |
A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations |
title_full |
A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations |
title_fullStr |
A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Preliminary Comparison of Motor Learning Across Different Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paradigms Shows No Consistent Modulations |
title_sort |
preliminary comparison of motor learning across different non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms shows no consistent modulations |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-453X |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been widely explored as a way to safely modulate brain activity and alter human performance for nearly three decades. Research using NIBS has grown exponentially within the last decade with promising results across a variety of clinical and healthy populations. However, recent work has shown high inter-individual variability and a lack of reproducibility of previous results. Here, we conducted a small preliminary study to explore the effects of three of the most commonly used excitatory NIBS paradigms over the primary motor cortex (M1) on motor learning (Sequential Visuomotor Isometric Pinch Force Tracking Task) and secondarily relate changes in motor learning to changes in cortical excitability (MEP amplitude and SICI). We compared anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), paired associative stimulation (PAS25), and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), along with a sham tDCS control condition. Stimulation was applied prior to motor learning. Participants (n = 28) were randomized into one of the four groups and were trained on a skilled motor task. Motor learning was measured immediately after training (online), 1 day after training (consolidation), and 1 week after training (retention). We did not find consistent differential effects on motor learning or cortical excitability across groups. Within the boundaries of our small sample sizes, we then assessed effect sizes across the NIBS groups that could help power future studies. These results, which require replication with larger samples, are consistent with previous reports of small and variable effect sizes of these interventions on motor learning. |
topic |
non-invasive brain stimulation motor learning transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired associative stimulation (PAS) theta burst stimulation (TBS) power analysis |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00253/full |
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