Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core
We propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with selectively filled analyte channels. Silver is used as the plasmonic material to accurately detect the analytes and is coated with a thin graphene layer to prevent oxidation. The liquid-filled cores are pl...
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doaj-453a8805c9d249788953d346d62eb0ee2020-11-24T23:04:22ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202015-05-01155114991151010.3390/s150511499s150511499Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited CoreAhmmed A. Rifat0G. Amouzad Mahdiraji1Desmond M. Chow2Yu Gang Shee3Rajib Ahmed4Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan5Integrated Lightwave Research Group, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, MalaysiaIntegrated Lightwave Research Group, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, MalaysiaIntegrated Lightwave Research Group, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, MalaysiaIntegrated Lightwave Research Group, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, MalaysiaInstitut für Hochfrequenztechnik, Technische Universität Berlin, Einsteinufer 25, 10587 Berlin, GermanyIntegrated Lightwave Research Group, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, MalaysiaWe propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with selectively filled analyte channels. Silver is used as the plasmonic material to accurately detect the analytes and is coated with a thin graphene layer to prevent oxidation. The liquid-filled cores are placed near to the metallic channel for easy excitation of free electrons to produce surface plasmon waves (SPWs). Surface plasmons along the metal surface are excited with a leaky Gaussian-like core guided mode. Numerical investigations of the fiber’s properties and sensing performance are performed using the finite element method (FEM). The proposed sensor shows maximum amplitude sensitivity of 418 Refractive Index Units (RIU−1) with resolution as high as 2.4 × 10−5 RIU. Using the wavelength interrogation method, a maximum refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 3000 nm/RIU in the sensing range of 1.46–1.49 is achieved. The proposed sensor is suitable for detecting various high RI chemicals, biochemical and organic chemical analytes. Additionally, the effects of fiber structural parameters on the properties of plasmonic excitation are investigated and optimized for sensing performance as well as reducing the sensor’s footprint.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/5/11499photonic crystal fibersurface plasmon resonanceoptical fiber sensorsoptical sensing and sensors |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ahmmed A. Rifat G. Amouzad Mahdiraji Desmond M. Chow Yu Gang Shee Rajib Ahmed Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan |
spellingShingle |
Ahmmed A. Rifat G. Amouzad Mahdiraji Desmond M. Chow Yu Gang Shee Rajib Ahmed Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core Sensors photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance optical fiber sensors optical sensing and sensors |
author_facet |
Ahmmed A. Rifat G. Amouzad Mahdiraji Desmond M. Chow Yu Gang Shee Rajib Ahmed Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan |
author_sort |
Ahmmed A. Rifat |
title |
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core |
title_short |
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core |
title_full |
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core |
title_fullStr |
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core |
title_sort |
photonic crystal fiber-based surface plasmon resonance sensor with selective analyte channels and graphene-silver deposited core |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2015-05-01 |
description |
We propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with selectively filled analyte channels. Silver is used as the plasmonic material to accurately detect the analytes and is coated with a thin graphene layer to prevent oxidation. The liquid-filled cores are placed near to the metallic channel for easy excitation of free electrons to produce surface plasmon waves (SPWs). Surface plasmons along the metal surface are excited with a leaky Gaussian-like core guided mode. Numerical investigations of the fiber’s properties and sensing performance are performed using the finite element method (FEM). The proposed sensor shows maximum amplitude sensitivity of 418 Refractive Index Units (RIU−1) with resolution as high as 2.4 × 10−5 RIU. Using the wavelength interrogation method, a maximum refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 3000 nm/RIU in the sensing range of 1.46–1.49 is achieved. The proposed sensor is suitable for detecting various high RI chemicals, biochemical and organic chemical analytes. Additionally, the effects of fiber structural parameters on the properties of plasmonic excitation are investigated and optimized for sensing performance as well as reducing the sensor’s footprint. |
topic |
photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance optical fiber sensors optical sensing and sensors |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/5/11499 |
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