Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Background. Apoptosis associates with secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study posits that serum leukocyte apoptosis levels in acute TBI are predictive of outcome. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-nine blood samples from 88 patients after acute TBI were obtained on admiss...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/720870 |
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doaj-458888d4e81b489c94a9397cc12ea3b32020-11-25T00:10:19ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412014-01-01201410.1155/2014/720870720870Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain InjuryHung-Chen Wang0Tzu-Ming Yang1Yu-Jun Lin2Wu-Fu Chen3Jih-Tsun Ho4Yu-Tsai Lin5Aij-Lie Kwan6Cheng-Hsien Lu7Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80249, TaiwanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDepartment of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, TaiwanBackground. Apoptosis associates with secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study posits that serum leukocyte apoptosis levels in acute TBI are predictive of outcome. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-nine blood samples from 88 patients after acute TBI were obtained on admission and on Days 4 and 7. Serial apoptosis levels of different leukocyte subsets were examined in 88 TBI patients and 27 control subjects. Results. The leukocyte apoptosis was significantly higher in TBI patients than in controls. Brief unconsciousness (P=0.009), motor deficits (P≤0.001), GCS (P≤0.001), ISS (P=0.001), WBC count (P=0.015), late apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes on Day 1 (P=0.004 and P=0.022, resp.), subdural hemorrhage on initial brain CT (P=0.002), neurosurgical intervention (P≤0.001), and acute posttraumatic seizure (P=0.046) were significant risk factors of outcome. Only motor deficits (P=0.033) and late apoptosis in monocytes on Day 1 (P=0.037) were independently associated with outcome. A cutoff value of 5.72% of late apoptosis in monocytes was associated with poor outcome in acute TBI patients. Conclusion. There are varying degrees of apoptosis in patients following TBI and in healthy individuals. Such differential expression suggests that apoptosis in different leukocyte subsets plays an important role in outcome following injury.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/720870 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hung-Chen Wang Tzu-Ming Yang Yu-Jun Lin Wu-Fu Chen Jih-Tsun Ho Yu-Tsai Lin Aij-Lie Kwan Cheng-Hsien Lu |
spellingShingle |
Hung-Chen Wang Tzu-Ming Yang Yu-Jun Lin Wu-Fu Chen Jih-Tsun Ho Yu-Tsai Lin Aij-Lie Kwan Cheng-Hsien Lu Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury BioMed Research International |
author_facet |
Hung-Chen Wang Tzu-Ming Yang Yu-Jun Lin Wu-Fu Chen Jih-Tsun Ho Yu-Tsai Lin Aij-Lie Kwan Cheng-Hsien Lu |
author_sort |
Hung-Chen Wang |
title |
Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_short |
Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_full |
Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_fullStr |
Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_full_unstemmed |
Serial Serum Leukocyte Apoptosis Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_sort |
serial serum leukocyte apoptosis levels as predictors of outcome in acute traumatic brain injury |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
BioMed Research International |
issn |
2314-6133 2314-6141 |
publishDate |
2014-01-01 |
description |
Background. Apoptosis associates with secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study posits that serum leukocyte apoptosis levels in acute TBI are predictive of outcome. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-nine blood samples from 88 patients after acute TBI were obtained on admission and on Days 4 and 7. Serial apoptosis levels of different leukocyte subsets were examined in 88 TBI patients and 27 control subjects. Results. The leukocyte apoptosis was significantly higher in TBI patients than in controls. Brief unconsciousness (P=0.009), motor deficits (P≤0.001), GCS (P≤0.001), ISS (P=0.001), WBC count (P=0.015), late apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes on Day 1 (P=0.004 and P=0.022, resp.), subdural hemorrhage on initial brain CT (P=0.002), neurosurgical intervention (P≤0.001), and acute posttraumatic seizure (P=0.046) were significant risk factors of outcome. Only motor deficits (P=0.033) and late apoptosis in monocytes on Day 1 (P=0.037) were independently associated with outcome. A cutoff value of 5.72% of late apoptosis in monocytes was associated with poor outcome in acute TBI patients. Conclusion. There are varying degrees of apoptosis in patients following TBI and in healthy individuals. Such differential expression suggests that apoptosis in different leukocyte subsets plays an important role in outcome following injury. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/720870 |
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