Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>(<it>Map</it>) causes an infectious chronic enteritis (paratuberculosis or Johne's disease) principally of ruminants. The epid...
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doaj-45a53254eae14e038fb6ae87f3b42be82020-11-24T21:07:26ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802009-10-019121210.1186/1471-2180-9-212Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminantsMay LindaKopecna MarketaHeron IanGerlach Gerald FDohmann KarenDimareli ZoiDenham Susande Juan LuciaBiet FranckBakker DouweAlvarez JulioStevenson KarenPavlik IvoSharp J MichaelThibault Virginie CWillemsen PeterZadoks Ruth NGreig Alastair<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>(<it>Map</it>) causes an infectious chronic enteritis (paratuberculosis or Johne's disease) principally of ruminants. The epidemiology of <it>Map </it>is poorly understood, particularly with respect to the role of wildlife reservoirs and the controversial issue of zoonotic potential (Crohn's disease). Genotypic discrimination of <it>Map </it>isolates is pivotal to descriptive epidemiology and resolving these issues. This study was undertaken to determine the genetic diversity of <it>Map</it>, enhance our understanding of the host range and distribution and assess the potential for interspecies transmission.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>164 <it>Map </it>isolates from seven European countries representing 19 different host species were genotyped by standardized IS<it>900 </it>- restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS<it>900</it>-RFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and mycobacterial interspersed repeat unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analyses. Six PstI and 17 BstEII IS<it>900</it>-RFLP, 31 multiplex [SnaBI-SpeI] PFGE profiles and 23 MIRU-VNTR profiles were detected. AFLP gave insufficient discrimination of isolates for meaningful genetic analysis. Point estimates for Simpson's index of diversity calculated for the individual typing techniques were in the range of 0.636 to 0.664 but a combination of all three methods increased the discriminating power to 0.879, sufficient for investigating transmission dynamics. Two predominant strain types were detected across Europe with all three typing techniques. Evidence for interspecies transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants on the same property was demonstrated in four cases, between wildlife species on the same property in two cases and between different species of domestic livestock on one property.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results of this study showed that it is necessary to use multiple genotyping techniques targeting different sources of genetic variation to obtain the level of discrimination necessary to investigate transmission dynamics and trace the source of <it>Map </it>infections. Furthermore, the combination of genotyping techniques may depend on the geographical location of the population to be tested. Identical genotypes were obtained from <it>Map </it>isolated from different host species co-habiting on the same property strongly suggesting that interspecies transmission occurs. Interspecies transmission of <it>Map </it>between wildlife species and domestic livestock on the same property provides further evidence to support a role for wildlife reservoirs of infection.</p> http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/212 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
May Linda Kopecna Marketa Heron Ian Gerlach Gerald F Dohmann Karen Dimareli Zoi Denham Susan de Juan Lucia Biet Franck Bakker Douwe Alvarez Julio Stevenson Karen Pavlik Ivo Sharp J Michael Thibault Virginie C Willemsen Peter Zadoks Ruth N Greig Alastair |
spellingShingle |
May Linda Kopecna Marketa Heron Ian Gerlach Gerald F Dohmann Karen Dimareli Zoi Denham Susan de Juan Lucia Biet Franck Bakker Douwe Alvarez Julio Stevenson Karen Pavlik Ivo Sharp J Michael Thibault Virginie C Willemsen Peter Zadoks Ruth N Greig Alastair Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants BMC Microbiology |
author_facet |
May Linda Kopecna Marketa Heron Ian Gerlach Gerald F Dohmann Karen Dimareli Zoi Denham Susan de Juan Lucia Biet Franck Bakker Douwe Alvarez Julio Stevenson Karen Pavlik Ivo Sharp J Michael Thibault Virginie C Willemsen Peter Zadoks Ruth N Greig Alastair |
author_sort |
May Linda |
title |
Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
title_short |
Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
title_full |
Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence of <it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and European countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
title_sort |
occurrence of <it>mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>across host species and european countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Microbiology |
issn |
1471-2180 |
publishDate |
2009-10-01 |
description |
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Mycobacterium avium </it>subspecies <it>paratuberculosis </it>(<it>Map</it>) causes an infectious chronic enteritis (paratuberculosis or Johne's disease) principally of ruminants. The epidemiology of <it>Map </it>is poorly understood, particularly with respect to the role of wildlife reservoirs and the controversial issue of zoonotic potential (Crohn's disease). Genotypic discrimination of <it>Map </it>isolates is pivotal to descriptive epidemiology and resolving these issues. This study was undertaken to determine the genetic diversity of <it>Map</it>, enhance our understanding of the host range and distribution and assess the potential for interspecies transmission.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>164 <it>Map </it>isolates from seven European countries representing 19 different host species were genotyped by standardized IS<it>900 </it>- restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS<it>900</it>-RFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and mycobacterial interspersed repeat unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analyses. Six PstI and 17 BstEII IS<it>900</it>-RFLP, 31 multiplex [SnaBI-SpeI] PFGE profiles and 23 MIRU-VNTR profiles were detected. AFLP gave insufficient discrimination of isolates for meaningful genetic analysis. Point estimates for Simpson's index of diversity calculated for the individual typing techniques were in the range of 0.636 to 0.664 but a combination of all three methods increased the discriminating power to 0.879, sufficient for investigating transmission dynamics. Two predominant strain types were detected across Europe with all three typing techniques. Evidence for interspecies transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants on the same property was demonstrated in four cases, between wildlife species on the same property in two cases and between different species of domestic livestock on one property.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results of this study showed that it is necessary to use multiple genotyping techniques targeting different sources of genetic variation to obtain the level of discrimination necessary to investigate transmission dynamics and trace the source of <it>Map </it>infections. Furthermore, the combination of genotyping techniques may depend on the geographical location of the population to be tested. Identical genotypes were obtained from <it>Map </it>isolated from different host species co-habiting on the same property strongly suggesting that interspecies transmission occurs. Interspecies transmission of <it>Map </it>between wildlife species and domestic livestock on the same property provides further evidence to support a role for wildlife reservoirs of infection.</p> |
url |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/212 |
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