Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria
Flavonol (−)-epicatechin and its derived dimer procyanidin B2, present in high amounts in cocoa products, have been shown to exert beneficial effects on the heart and cardiovascular system; however, their mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. We studied effects of (−)-epicatechin and pr...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/232836 |
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doaj-4624c18576bb4d01a92bccd25facbff82020-11-24T23:10:43ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412015-01-01201510.1155/2015/232836232836Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart MitochondriaDalia M. Kopustinskiene0Arunas Savickas1David Vetchý2Ruta Masteikova3Arturas Kasauskas4Jurga Bernatoniene5Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Social Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Social Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Social Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaFlavonol (−)-epicatechin and its derived dimer procyanidin B2, present in high amounts in cocoa products, have been shown to exert beneficial effects on the heart and cardiovascular system; however, their mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. We studied effects of (−)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 on the oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat heart mitochondria. (−)-Epicatechin and procyanidin B2 had stimulating effect (up to 30% compared to control) on substrate-driven (State 2) mitochondrial respiration. Their effect was dependent on the respiratory substrates used. (−)-Epicatechin at higher concentrations (from 0.27 µg/mL) significantly decreased (up to 15%) substrate- and ADP-driven (State 3) mitochondrial respiration in case of pyruvate and malate oxidation only. Procyanidin B2 (0.7–17.9 ng/mL) inhibited State 3 respiration rate up to 19%, the most profound effect being expressed with succinate as the substrate. (−)-Epicatechin at concentrations of 0.23 µg/mL and 0.46 µg/mL prevented loss of the cytochrome c from mitochondria when substrate was succinate, supporting the evidence of membrane stabilizing properties of this flavonol. Thus, both (−)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 directly influenced mitochondrial functions and the observed effects could help to explain cardiometabolic risk reduction ascribed to the consumption of modest amounts of cocoa products.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/232836 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Arunas Savickas David Vetchý Ruta Masteikova Arturas Kasauskas Jurga Bernatoniene |
spellingShingle |
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Arunas Savickas David Vetchý Ruta Masteikova Arturas Kasauskas Jurga Bernatoniene Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria BioMed Research International |
author_facet |
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Arunas Savickas David Vetchý Ruta Masteikova Arturas Kasauskas Jurga Bernatoniene |
author_sort |
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene |
title |
Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria |
title_short |
Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria |
title_full |
Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria |
title_fullStr |
Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria |
title_full_unstemmed |
Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria |
title_sort |
direct effects of (−)-epicatechin and procyanidin b2 on the respiration of rat heart mitochondria |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
BioMed Research International |
issn |
2314-6133 2314-6141 |
publishDate |
2015-01-01 |
description |
Flavonol (−)-epicatechin and its derived dimer procyanidin B2, present in high amounts in cocoa products, have been shown to exert beneficial effects on the heart and cardiovascular system; however, their mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. We studied effects of (−)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 on the oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat heart mitochondria. (−)-Epicatechin and procyanidin B2 had stimulating effect (up to 30% compared to control) on substrate-driven (State 2) mitochondrial respiration. Their effect was dependent on the respiratory substrates used. (−)-Epicatechin at higher concentrations (from 0.27 µg/mL) significantly decreased (up to 15%) substrate- and ADP-driven (State 3) mitochondrial respiration in case of pyruvate and malate oxidation only. Procyanidin B2 (0.7–17.9 ng/mL) inhibited State 3 respiration rate up to 19%, the most profound effect being expressed with succinate as the substrate. (−)-Epicatechin at concentrations of 0.23 µg/mL and 0.46 µg/mL prevented loss of the cytochrome c from mitochondria when substrate was succinate, supporting the evidence of membrane stabilizing properties of this flavonol. Thus, both (−)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 directly influenced mitochondrial functions and the observed effects could help to explain cardiometabolic risk reduction ascribed to the consumption of modest amounts of cocoa products. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/232836 |
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