Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities
A healthy female genital tract harbors a microbiome dominated by lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide producing bacteria, which provide protection against infections by maintaining a low pH. Changes in the bacterial compositions of the vaginal microbiome can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is o...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00354/full |
id |
doaj-46e9064cb6774f469771dccf49d6a9f6 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-46e9064cb6774f469771dccf49d6a9f62020-11-25T03:03:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882020-08-011010.3389/fcimb.2020.00354521070Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future OpportunitiesMathys J. Redelinghuys0Janri Geldenhuys1Hyunsul Jung2Marleen M. Kock3Marleen M. Kock4School of Clinical Medicine, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaUP-Ampath Translational Genomics Initiative, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Division of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tshwane Academic Division, National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South AfricaA healthy female genital tract harbors a microbiome dominated by lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide producing bacteria, which provide protection against infections by maintaining a low pH. Changes in the bacterial compositions of the vaginal microbiome can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is often associated with vaginal inflammation. Bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and affects women's reproductive health negatively. In pregnant women, BV can lead to chorioamnionitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm premature rupture of the membranes and preterm birth. In order to manage BV effectively, good diagnostic procedures are required. Traditionally clinical and microscopic methods have been used to diagnose BV; however, these methods require skilled staff and time and suffer from reduced sensitivity and specificity. New diagnostics, including highly sensitive and specific point-of-care (POC) tests, treatment modalities and vaccines can be developed based on the identification of biomarkers from the growing pool of vaginal microbiome and vaginal metabolome data. In this review the current and future diagnostic avenues will be discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00354/fullbacterial vaginosisfemale genital tractdiagnosticsvaginal microbiomevaginal metabolomevaginal inflammation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mathys J. Redelinghuys Janri Geldenhuys Hyunsul Jung Marleen M. Kock Marleen M. Kock |
spellingShingle |
Mathys J. Redelinghuys Janri Geldenhuys Hyunsul Jung Marleen M. Kock Marleen M. Kock Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology bacterial vaginosis female genital tract diagnostics vaginal microbiome vaginal metabolome vaginal inflammation |
author_facet |
Mathys J. Redelinghuys Janri Geldenhuys Hyunsul Jung Marleen M. Kock Marleen M. Kock |
author_sort |
Mathys J. Redelinghuys |
title |
Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities |
title_short |
Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities |
title_full |
Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities |
title_fullStr |
Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities |
title_sort |
bacterial vaginosis: current diagnostic avenues and future opportunities |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
issn |
2235-2988 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
A healthy female genital tract harbors a microbiome dominated by lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide producing bacteria, which provide protection against infections by maintaining a low pH. Changes in the bacterial compositions of the vaginal microbiome can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is often associated with vaginal inflammation. Bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and affects women's reproductive health negatively. In pregnant women, BV can lead to chorioamnionitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm premature rupture of the membranes and preterm birth. In order to manage BV effectively, good diagnostic procedures are required. Traditionally clinical and microscopic methods have been used to diagnose BV; however, these methods require skilled staff and time and suffer from reduced sensitivity and specificity. New diagnostics, including highly sensitive and specific point-of-care (POC) tests, treatment modalities and vaccines can be developed based on the identification of biomarkers from the growing pool of vaginal microbiome and vaginal metabolome data. In this review the current and future diagnostic avenues will be discussed. |
topic |
bacterial vaginosis female genital tract diagnostics vaginal microbiome vaginal metabolome vaginal inflammation |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00354/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mathysjredelinghuys bacterialvaginosiscurrentdiagnosticavenuesandfutureopportunities AT janrigeldenhuys bacterialvaginosiscurrentdiagnosticavenuesandfutureopportunities AT hyunsuljung bacterialvaginosiscurrentdiagnosticavenuesandfutureopportunities AT marleenmkock bacterialvaginosiscurrentdiagnosticavenuesandfutureopportunities AT marleenmkock bacterialvaginosiscurrentdiagnosticavenuesandfutureopportunities |
_version_ |
1724683950250524672 |