Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens
Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by opportunistic pathogens are among the leading health challenges globally. Most available treatment options are failing as a result of antibiotic resistance and adverse effects. Natural sources such as plants may serve as promising alterna...
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doaj-46ffb73e257c4c6ca6d993dcfa5506792020-11-25T02:36:55ZengBMCBMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies2662-76712020-07-0120111510.1186/s12906-020-03024-0Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogensAitebiremen G. Omokhua-Uyi0Muna A. Abdalla1Carmen M. Leonard2Abimbola Aro3Osariyekemwen O. Uyi4Johannes Van Staden5Lyndy J. McGaw6Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaPhytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of TechnologyPhytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaDepartment of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of BeninResearch Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalPhytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaAbstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by opportunistic pathogens are among the leading health challenges globally. Most available treatment options are failing as a result of antibiotic resistance and adverse effects. Natural sources such as plants may serve as promising alternatives. Methods Compounds were isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata through column chromatography. Purified compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity using the p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) colorimetric method, against uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans. Anti-biofilm, anti-adhesion and metabolic inhibition activities were investigated against selected strains. Safety of the compounds was determined against Vero monkey kidney, C3A human liver and colon (Caco2) cells. Results Four compounds identified as pectolinaringenin (1), (±)-4′,5,7-trimethoxy flavanone (2), 5-hydroxy-3,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone (3) and 3,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone) (4) were isolated. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) varied between 0.016 and 0.25 mg/mL. Compounds 2 and 3 showed promising antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. fumigatus and C. neoformans with MIC between 0.016 and 0.125 mg/mL, comparable to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and amphotericin B used as positive controls. Compounds 2 and 3 showed good anti-biofilm and metabolic inhibition activities against E. coli and S. aureus but weak anti-adhesion activity against the organisms. Low toxicity with selectivity indexes between 1 and 12.625 were recorded with the compounds, indicating that the compounds were rather toxic to the microbial strains and not to the human and animal cells. Conclusion Pharmacological activities displayed by compounds 2 and 3 isolated from C. odorata and low toxicity recorded credits it as a potential lead for the development of useful prophylactic treatments and anti-infective drugs against UTIs. Although known compounds, this is the first time these compounds have been isolated from the South African weed C. odorata and tested for antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, metabolic inhibition and anti-adhesion activities.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-020-03024-0South AfricaCompoundsChromolaena odorataAntimicrobialAnti-biofilmMetabolic activity |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Aitebiremen G. Omokhua-Uyi Muna A. Abdalla Carmen M. Leonard Abimbola Aro Osariyekemwen O. Uyi Johannes Van Staden Lyndy J. McGaw |
spellingShingle |
Aitebiremen G. Omokhua-Uyi Muna A. Abdalla Carmen M. Leonard Abimbola Aro Osariyekemwen O. Uyi Johannes Van Staden Lyndy J. McGaw Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies South Africa Compounds Chromolaena odorata Antimicrobial Anti-biofilm Metabolic activity |
author_facet |
Aitebiremen G. Omokhua-Uyi Muna A. Abdalla Carmen M. Leonard Abimbola Aro Osariyekemwen O. Uyi Johannes Van Staden Lyndy J. McGaw |
author_sort |
Aitebiremen G. Omokhua-Uyi |
title |
Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
title_short |
Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
title_full |
Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
title_fullStr |
Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
title_full_unstemmed |
Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
title_sort |
flavonoids isolated from the south african weed chromolaena odorata (asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies |
issn |
2662-7671 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by opportunistic pathogens are among the leading health challenges globally. Most available treatment options are failing as a result of antibiotic resistance and adverse effects. Natural sources such as plants may serve as promising alternatives. Methods Compounds were isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata through column chromatography. Purified compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity using the p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) colorimetric method, against uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans. Anti-biofilm, anti-adhesion and metabolic inhibition activities were investigated against selected strains. Safety of the compounds was determined against Vero monkey kidney, C3A human liver and colon (Caco2) cells. Results Four compounds identified as pectolinaringenin (1), (±)-4′,5,7-trimethoxy flavanone (2), 5-hydroxy-3,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone (3) and 3,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone) (4) were isolated. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) varied between 0.016 and 0.25 mg/mL. Compounds 2 and 3 showed promising antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. fumigatus and C. neoformans with MIC between 0.016 and 0.125 mg/mL, comparable to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and amphotericin B used as positive controls. Compounds 2 and 3 showed good anti-biofilm and metabolic inhibition activities against E. coli and S. aureus but weak anti-adhesion activity against the organisms. Low toxicity with selectivity indexes between 1 and 12.625 were recorded with the compounds, indicating that the compounds were rather toxic to the microbial strains and not to the human and animal cells. Conclusion Pharmacological activities displayed by compounds 2 and 3 isolated from C. odorata and low toxicity recorded credits it as a potential lead for the development of useful prophylactic treatments and anti-infective drugs against UTIs. Although known compounds, this is the first time these compounds have been isolated from the South African weed C. odorata and tested for antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, metabolic inhibition and anti-adhesion activities. |
topic |
South Africa Compounds Chromolaena odorata Antimicrobial Anti-biofilm Metabolic activity |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-020-03024-0 |
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