Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro
Neuroinflammation is a common feature shared by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and seems to play a key role in their development and progression. Microglia cells, the principal orchestrators of neuroinflammation, can be polarized in different phenotypes, whi...
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doaj-4700b26f336a411c98b8ed89034dba822020-11-25T00:29:30ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-12-01913610.3390/antiox9010036antiox9010036Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In VitroMarta Gallardo-Fernández0Ruth Hornedo-Ortega1Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido2José A. Rodríguez-Gómez3Ana M. Troncoso4M. Carmen García-Parrilla5José L. Venero6Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva7Rocío M. de Pablos8Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, SpainMIB, Unité de RechercheŒnologie, EA4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, 33882 Bordeaux, FranceInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, SpainInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, SpainDepartamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, SpainDepartamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Sevilla, SpainInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, SpainInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, SpainInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, SpainNeuroinflammation is a common feature shared by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and seems to play a key role in their development and progression. Microglia cells, the principal orchestrators of neuroinflammation, can be polarized in different phenotypes, which means they are able to have anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or neurodegenerative effects. Increasing evidence supports that the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern is related to the reduction of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. A considerable intake of plant foods, fish, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as well as a moderate consumption of red wine, all characteristic of the Mediterranean diet (MD), are behind these effects. These foods are especially rich in polyphenols, being the most relevant in the MD hydroxytyrosol (HT) and their derivatives present in EVOO, which have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities. Here, we demonstrate that HT is able to reduce the inflammation induced by two different stimuli: lipopolysaccharide and α-synuclein. We also study the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of HT, including the study of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and inflammasome. Our data support the use of HT to prevent the inflammation associated with PD and shed light into the relationship between MD and this neurological disorder.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/36hydroxytyrosolmicrogliamediterranean dietinflammasomemapkslipopolysaccharideα-synuclein |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marta Gallardo-Fernández Ruth Hornedo-Ortega Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido José A. Rodríguez-Gómez Ana M. Troncoso M. Carmen García-Parrilla José L. Venero Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva Rocío M. de Pablos |
spellingShingle |
Marta Gallardo-Fernández Ruth Hornedo-Ortega Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido José A. Rodríguez-Gómez Ana M. Troncoso M. Carmen García-Parrilla José L. Venero Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva Rocío M. de Pablos Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro Antioxidants hydroxytyrosol microglia mediterranean diet inflammasome mapks lipopolysaccharide α-synuclein |
author_facet |
Marta Gallardo-Fernández Ruth Hornedo-Ortega Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido José A. Rodríguez-Gómez Ana M. Troncoso M. Carmen García-Parrilla José L. Venero Ana M. Espinosa-Oliva Rocío M. de Pablos |
author_sort |
Marta Gallardo-Fernández |
title |
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro |
title_short |
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro |
title_full |
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro |
title_fullStr |
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro |
title_sort |
hydroxytyrosol decreases lps- and α-synuclein-induced microglial activation in vitro |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antioxidants |
issn |
2076-3921 |
publishDate |
2019-12-01 |
description |
Neuroinflammation is a common feature shared by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and seems to play a key role in their development and progression. Microglia cells, the principal orchestrators of neuroinflammation, can be polarized in different phenotypes, which means they are able to have anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or neurodegenerative effects. Increasing evidence supports that the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern is related to the reduction of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. A considerable intake of plant foods, fish, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as well as a moderate consumption of red wine, all characteristic of the Mediterranean diet (MD), are behind these effects. These foods are especially rich in polyphenols, being the most relevant in the MD hydroxytyrosol (HT) and their derivatives present in EVOO, which have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities. Here, we demonstrate that HT is able to reduce the inflammation induced by two different stimuli: lipopolysaccharide and α-synuclein. We also study the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of HT, including the study of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and inflammasome. Our data support the use of HT to prevent the inflammation associated with PD and shed light into the relationship between MD and this neurological disorder. |
topic |
hydroxytyrosol microglia mediterranean diet inflammasome mapks lipopolysaccharide α-synuclein |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/36 |
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