| Summary: | Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CdWO<sub>4</sub> and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CdWO<sub>4</sub>/PrVO<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles were prepared at different molar ratios of PrVO<sub>4</sub> to previous layers (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CdWO<sub>4</sub>) via the co-precipitation method assisted by a sonochemical procedure, in order to investigate the photocatalytic performance of these systems and their cytotoxicity properties. The physico-chemical properties of these magnetic nanoparticles were determined via several experimental methods: X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy, using a vibrating sample magnetometer and a scanning electron microscope. The average sizes of these nanoparticles were found to be in the range of 60−100 nm. The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared nanostructures was measured by methylene blue degradation under visible light (assisted by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). The magnetic nanosystem with a 1:2:1 ratio of three oxide components showed the best performance by the degradation of ca. 70% after 120 min of exposure to visible light irradiation. Afterwards, this sample was used for the photodegradation of methyl orange, methyl violet, fenitrothion, and rhodamine-B pollutants. Finally, the mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction was examined by releasing <sup>•</sup>OH under UV light in a system including terephthalic acid, as well as O<sup>2−</sup>, OH, and hole scavengers. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of each synthesized sample was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay against the human cell line PANC1 (cancer), and its IC50 was approximately 125 mg/L.
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