Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs
Recently, biomaterial scaffolds have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to different production methods, unique types of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be fabricated to meet the structural characteristics of tissues and organs, and provide sui...
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doaj-48d4a3daaff1448d934a8204d388d4f52021-09-09T11:10:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2021-09-01910.3389/fcell.2021.709204709204Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and OrgansChenyang Gu0Jia Feng1Jia Feng2Ahmed Waqas3Yushu Deng4Yifan Zhang5Wanghao Chen6Jun Long7Shiying Huang8Lukui Chen9Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Ninth People Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaRecently, biomaterial scaffolds have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to different production methods, unique types of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be fabricated to meet the structural characteristics of tissues and organs, and provide suitable 3D microenvironments. The therapeutic effects of stem cell (SC) therapy in tissues and organs are considerable and have attracted the attention of academic researchers worldwide. However, due to the limitations and challenges of SC therapy, exosome therapy can be used for basic research and clinical translation. The review briefly introduces the materials (nature or polymer), shapes (hydrogels, particles and porous solids) and fabrication methods (crosslinking or bioprinting) of 3D scaffolds, and describes the recent progress in SC/exosome therapy with 3D scaffolds over the past 5 years (2016–2020). Normal SC/exosome therapy can improve the structure and function of diseased and damaged tissues and organs. In addition, 3D scaffold-based SC/exosome therapy can significantly improve the structure and function cardiac and neural tissues for the treatment of various refractory diseases. Besides, exosome therapy has the same therapeutic effects as SC therapy but without the disadvantages. Hence, 3D scaffold therapy provides an alternative strategy for treatment of refractory and incurable diseases and has entered a transformation period from basic research into clinical translation as a viable therapeutic option in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.709204/full3D bioprintingscaffoldregenerative engineeringstem cellexosometherapy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chenyang Gu Jia Feng Jia Feng Ahmed Waqas Yushu Deng Yifan Zhang Wanghao Chen Jun Long Shiying Huang Lukui Chen |
spellingShingle |
Chenyang Gu Jia Feng Jia Feng Ahmed Waqas Yushu Deng Yifan Zhang Wanghao Chen Jun Long Shiying Huang Lukui Chen Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 3D bioprinting scaffold regenerative engineering stem cell exosome therapy |
author_facet |
Chenyang Gu Jia Feng Jia Feng Ahmed Waqas Yushu Deng Yifan Zhang Wanghao Chen Jun Long Shiying Huang Lukui Chen |
author_sort |
Chenyang Gu |
title |
Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs |
title_short |
Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs |
title_full |
Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs |
title_fullStr |
Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Technological Advances of 3D Scaffold-Based Stem Cell/Exosome Therapy in Tissues and Organs |
title_sort |
technological advances of 3d scaffold-based stem cell/exosome therapy in tissues and organs |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
issn |
2296-634X |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Recently, biomaterial scaffolds have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to different production methods, unique types of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be fabricated to meet the structural characteristics of tissues and organs, and provide suitable 3D microenvironments. The therapeutic effects of stem cell (SC) therapy in tissues and organs are considerable and have attracted the attention of academic researchers worldwide. However, due to the limitations and challenges of SC therapy, exosome therapy can be used for basic research and clinical translation. The review briefly introduces the materials (nature or polymer), shapes (hydrogels, particles and porous solids) and fabrication methods (crosslinking or bioprinting) of 3D scaffolds, and describes the recent progress in SC/exosome therapy with 3D scaffolds over the past 5 years (2016–2020). Normal SC/exosome therapy can improve the structure and function of diseased and damaged tissues and organs. In addition, 3D scaffold-based SC/exosome therapy can significantly improve the structure and function cardiac and neural tissues for the treatment of various refractory diseases. Besides, exosome therapy has the same therapeutic effects as SC therapy but without the disadvantages. Hence, 3D scaffold therapy provides an alternative strategy for treatment of refractory and incurable diseases and has entered a transformation period from basic research into clinical translation as a viable therapeutic option in the future. |
topic |
3D bioprinting scaffold regenerative engineering stem cell exosome therapy |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.709204/full |
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