GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.

Lipids and lipid metabolites play important roles in plant-microbe interactions. Despite the extensive studies of lipases in lipid homeostasis and seed oil biosynthesis, the involvement of lipases in plant immunity remains largely unknown. In particular, GDSL esterases/lipases, characterized by the...

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Main Authors: Mingjun Gao, Xin Yin, Weibing Yang, Sin Man Lam, Xiaohong Tong, Jiyun Liu, Xin Wang, Qun Li, Guanghou Shui, Zuhua He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2017-11-01
Series:PLoS Pathogens
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5703576?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-48d543e0563c417ab8dc095b457393792020-11-25T01:32:47ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742017-11-011311e100672410.1371/journal.ppat.1006724GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.Mingjun GaoXin YinWeibing YangSin Man LamXiaohong TongJiyun LiuXin WangQun LiGuanghou ShuiZuhua HeLipids and lipid metabolites play important roles in plant-microbe interactions. Despite the extensive studies of lipases in lipid homeostasis and seed oil biosynthesis, the involvement of lipases in plant immunity remains largely unknown. In particular, GDSL esterases/lipases, characterized by the conserved GDSL motif, are a subfamily of lipolytic enzymes with broad substrate specificity. Here, we functionally identified two GDSL lipases, OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2, in rice immune responses. Expression of OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 was suppressed by pathogen infection and salicylic acid (SA) treatment. OsGLIP1 was mainly expressed in leaf and leaf sheath, while OsGLIP2 showed high expression in elongating internodes. Biochemical assay demonstrated that OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 are functional lipases that could hydrolyze lipid substrates. Simultaneous down-regulation of OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 increased plant resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, whereas disease resistance in OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 overexpression plants was significantly compromised, suggesting that both genes act as negative regulators of disease resistance. OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 proteins mainly localize to lipid droplets and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. The proper cellular localization of OsGLIP proteins is indispensable for their functions in immunity. Comprehensive lipid profiling analysis indicated that the alteration of OsGLIP gene expression was associated with substantial changes of the levels of lipid species including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG). We show that MGDG and DGDG feeding could attenuate disease resistance. Taken together, our study indicates that OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 negatively regulate rice defense by modulating lipid metabolism, thus providing new insights into the function of lipids in plant immunity.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5703576?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mingjun Gao
Xin Yin
Weibing Yang
Sin Man Lam
Xiaohong Tong
Jiyun Liu
Xin Wang
Qun Li
Guanghou Shui
Zuhua He
spellingShingle Mingjun Gao
Xin Yin
Weibing Yang
Sin Man Lam
Xiaohong Tong
Jiyun Liu
Xin Wang
Qun Li
Guanghou Shui
Zuhua He
GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
PLoS Pathogens
author_facet Mingjun Gao
Xin Yin
Weibing Yang
Sin Man Lam
Xiaohong Tong
Jiyun Liu
Xin Wang
Qun Li
Guanghou Shui
Zuhua He
author_sort Mingjun Gao
title GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
title_short GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
title_full GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
title_fullStr GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
title_full_unstemmed GDSL lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
title_sort gdsl lipases modulate immunity through lipid homeostasis in rice.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS Pathogens
issn 1553-7366
1553-7374
publishDate 2017-11-01
description Lipids and lipid metabolites play important roles in plant-microbe interactions. Despite the extensive studies of lipases in lipid homeostasis and seed oil biosynthesis, the involvement of lipases in plant immunity remains largely unknown. In particular, GDSL esterases/lipases, characterized by the conserved GDSL motif, are a subfamily of lipolytic enzymes with broad substrate specificity. Here, we functionally identified two GDSL lipases, OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2, in rice immune responses. Expression of OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 was suppressed by pathogen infection and salicylic acid (SA) treatment. OsGLIP1 was mainly expressed in leaf and leaf sheath, while OsGLIP2 showed high expression in elongating internodes. Biochemical assay demonstrated that OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 are functional lipases that could hydrolyze lipid substrates. Simultaneous down-regulation of OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 increased plant resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, whereas disease resistance in OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 overexpression plants was significantly compromised, suggesting that both genes act as negative regulators of disease resistance. OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 proteins mainly localize to lipid droplets and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. The proper cellular localization of OsGLIP proteins is indispensable for their functions in immunity. Comprehensive lipid profiling analysis indicated that the alteration of OsGLIP gene expression was associated with substantial changes of the levels of lipid species including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG). We show that MGDG and DGDG feeding could attenuate disease resistance. Taken together, our study indicates that OsGLIP1 and OsGLIP2 negatively regulate rice defense by modulating lipid metabolism, thus providing new insights into the function of lipids in plant immunity.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5703576?pdf=render
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