Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence
The increasing access to antihypertensive medications has improved longevity and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, hypertension still remains a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction, suggesting the need to implement management of pre- and hypertensive patients....
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doaj-4912438552644c8697957c0d14bac6ef2020-11-25T02:13:43ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-05-01121548154810.3390/nu12061548Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic EvidenceMarika Massaro0Egeria Scoditti1Maria Annunziata Carluccio2Nadia Calabriso3Giuseppe Santarpino4Tiziano Verri5Raffaele De Caterina6National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, ItalyNational Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, ItalyNational Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, ItalyNational Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, ItalyCardiovascular Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 90471 Nuremberg, GermanyLaboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyInstitute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyThe increasing access to antihypertensive medications has improved longevity and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, hypertension still remains a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction, suggesting the need to implement management of pre- and hypertensive patients. In addition to antihypertensive medications, lifestyle changes, including healthier dietary patterns, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diet, have been shown to favorably affect blood pressure and are now recommended as integrative tools in hypertension management. An analysis of the effects of nutritional components of the Mediterranean diet(s) on blood pressure has therefore become mandatory. After a literature review of the impact of Mediterranean diet(s) on cardiovascular risk factors, we here analyze the effects of olive oil and its major components on blood pressure in healthy and cardiovascular disease individuals and examine underlying mechanisms of action. Both experimental and human studies agree in showing anti-hypertensive effects of olive oil. We conclude that due to its high oleic acid and antioxidant polyphenol content, the consumption of olive oil may be advised as the optimal fat choice in the management protocols for hypertension in both healthy and cardiovascular disease patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/6/1548hypertensionolive oilmonounsaturated fatty acidspolyphenols. |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marika Massaro Egeria Scoditti Maria Annunziata Carluccio Nadia Calabriso Giuseppe Santarpino Tiziano Verri Raffaele De Caterina |
spellingShingle |
Marika Massaro Egeria Scoditti Maria Annunziata Carluccio Nadia Calabriso Giuseppe Santarpino Tiziano Verri Raffaele De Caterina Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence Nutrients hypertension olive oil monounsaturated fatty acids polyphenols. |
author_facet |
Marika Massaro Egeria Scoditti Maria Annunziata Carluccio Nadia Calabriso Giuseppe Santarpino Tiziano Verri Raffaele De Caterina |
author_sort |
Marika Massaro |
title |
Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence |
title_short |
Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence |
title_full |
Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence |
title_sort |
effects of olive oil on blood pressure: epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic evidence |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
The increasing access to antihypertensive medications has improved longevity and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, hypertension still remains a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction, suggesting the need to implement management of pre- and hypertensive patients. In addition to antihypertensive medications, lifestyle changes, including healthier dietary patterns, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diet, have been shown to favorably affect blood pressure and are now recommended as integrative tools in hypertension management. An analysis of the effects of nutritional components of the Mediterranean diet(s) on blood pressure has therefore become mandatory. After a literature review of the impact of Mediterranean diet(s) on cardiovascular risk factors, we here analyze the effects of olive oil and its major components on blood pressure in healthy and cardiovascular disease individuals and examine underlying mechanisms of action. Both experimental and human studies agree in showing anti-hypertensive effects of olive oil. We conclude that due to its high oleic acid and antioxidant polyphenol content, the consumption of olive oil may be advised as the optimal fat choice in the management protocols for hypertension in both healthy and cardiovascular disease patients. |
topic |
hypertension olive oil monounsaturated fatty acids polyphenols. |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/6/1548 |
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