The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets

The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets

Mammalian genomes contain many imprinted microRNAs. When an imprinted miRNA targets an unimprinted mRNA their interaction may have different fitness consequences for the loci encoding the miRNA and mRNA. In one possible outcome, the mRNA sequence evolves to evade regulation by the miRNA by a simple...

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Main Authors: David Haig, Avantika Mainieri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-09-01
Series:Genes
Subjects:
imprinting
miRNA
evolution
PTEN
IGF2
C2MC
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1038
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spelling doaj-49b51a0cfed64ebe9baf70c6cde67ab02020-11-25T02:43:11ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-09-01111038103810.3390/genes11091038The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA TargetsDavid Haig0Avantika Mainieri1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USADepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAMammalian genomes contain many imprinted microRNAs. When an imprinted miRNA targets an unimprinted mRNA their interaction may have different fitness consequences for the loci encoding the miRNA and mRNA. In one possible outcome, the mRNA sequence evolves to evade regulation by the miRNA by a simple change of target sequence. Such a response is unavailable if the targeted sequence is strongly constrained by other functions. In these cases, the mRNA evolves to accommodate regulation by the imprinted miRNA. These evolutionary dynamics are illustrated using the examples of the imprinted C19MC cluster of miRNAs in primates and C2MC cluster in mice that are paternally expressed in placentas. The 3′ UTR of <i>PTEN</i>, a gene with growth-related and metabolic functions, appears to be an important target of miRNAs from both clusters.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1038imprintingmiRNAevolutionPTENIGF2C2MC
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author David Haig
Avantika Mainieri
spellingShingle David Haig
Avantika Mainieri
The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
Genes
imprinting
miRNA
evolution
PTEN
IGF2
C2MC
author_facet David Haig
Avantika Mainieri
author_sort David Haig
title The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
title_short The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
title_full The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
title_fullStr The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution of Imprinted microRNAs and Their RNA Targets
title_sort evolution of imprinted micrornas and their rna targets
publisher MDPI AG
series Genes
issn 2073-4425
publishDate 2020-09-01
description Mammalian genomes contain many imprinted microRNAs. When an imprinted miRNA targets an unimprinted mRNA their interaction may have different fitness consequences for the loci encoding the miRNA and mRNA. In one possible outcome, the mRNA sequence evolves to evade regulation by the miRNA by a simple change of target sequence. Such a response is unavailable if the targeted sequence is strongly constrained by other functions. In these cases, the mRNA evolves to accommodate regulation by the imprinted miRNA. These evolutionary dynamics are illustrated using the examples of the imprinted C19MC cluster of miRNAs in primates and C2MC cluster in mice that are paternally expressed in placentas. The 3′ UTR of <i>PTEN</i>, a gene with growth-related and metabolic functions, appears to be an important target of miRNAs from both clusters.
topic imprinting
miRNA
evolution
PTEN
IGF2
C2MC
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1038
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