Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation
Glyphosate is a non-specific organophosphate pesticide, which finds widespread application in shielding crops against the weeds. Its high solubility in hydrophilic solvents, especially water and high mobility allows the rapid leaching of the glyphosate into the soil leading to contamination of groun...
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doaj-49ba94db03ee47b59e2606608b64fc942020-11-25T02:45:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012020-10-01177519751910.3390/ijerph17207519Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial DegradationSimranjeet Singh0Vijay Kumar1Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill2Shivika Datta3Satyender Singh4Vaishali Dhaka5Dhriti Kapoor6Abdul Basit Wani7Daljeet Singh Dhanjal8Manoj Kumar9S. L. Harikumar10Joginder Singh11Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaRegional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior 474009, IndiaDepartment of Education, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaDepartment of Zoology, Doaba College Jalandhar, Jalandhar 144001, IndiaRegional Advance Water Testing Laboratory, Department of Water Supply and Sanitation, Phase-II, S.A.S. Nagar 160054, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Life Sciences, Central University Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, IndiaDepartment of Life Sciences, Central University Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 835205, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaGlyphosate is a non-specific organophosphate pesticide, which finds widespread application in shielding crops against the weeds. Its high solubility in hydrophilic solvents, especially water and high mobility allows the rapid leaching of the glyphosate into the soil leading to contamination of groundwater and accumulation into the plant tissues, therefore intricating the elimination of the herbicides. Despite the widespread application, only a few percentages of the total applied glyphosate serve the actual purpose, dispensing the rest in the environment, thus resulting in reduced crop yields, low quality agricultural products, deteriorating soil fertility, contributing to water pollution, and consequently threatening human and animal life. This review gives an insight into the toxicological effects of the herbicide glyphosate and current approaches to track and identify trace amounts of this agrochemical along with its biodegradability and possible remediating strategies. Efforts have also been made to summarize the biodegradation mechanisms and catabolic enzymes involved in glyphosate metabolism.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/20/7519herbicideglyphosatetoxicityenvironmental fatebiodegradationcatabolic enzymes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Simranjeet Singh Vijay Kumar Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill Shivika Datta Satyender Singh Vaishali Dhaka Dhriti Kapoor Abdul Basit Wani Daljeet Singh Dhanjal Manoj Kumar S. L. Harikumar Joginder Singh |
spellingShingle |
Simranjeet Singh Vijay Kumar Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill Shivika Datta Satyender Singh Vaishali Dhaka Dhriti Kapoor Abdul Basit Wani Daljeet Singh Dhanjal Manoj Kumar S. L. Harikumar Joginder Singh Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health herbicide glyphosate toxicity environmental fate biodegradation catabolic enzymes |
author_facet |
Simranjeet Singh Vijay Kumar Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill Shivika Datta Satyender Singh Vaishali Dhaka Dhriti Kapoor Abdul Basit Wani Daljeet Singh Dhanjal Manoj Kumar S. L. Harikumar Joginder Singh |
author_sort |
Simranjeet Singh |
title |
Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation |
title_short |
Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation |
title_full |
Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation |
title_fullStr |
Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation |
title_sort |
herbicide glyphosate: toxicity and microbial degradation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
Glyphosate is a non-specific organophosphate pesticide, which finds widespread application in shielding crops against the weeds. Its high solubility in hydrophilic solvents, especially water and high mobility allows the rapid leaching of the glyphosate into the soil leading to contamination of groundwater and accumulation into the plant tissues, therefore intricating the elimination of the herbicides. Despite the widespread application, only a few percentages of the total applied glyphosate serve the actual purpose, dispensing the rest in the environment, thus resulting in reduced crop yields, low quality agricultural products, deteriorating soil fertility, contributing to water pollution, and consequently threatening human and animal life. This review gives an insight into the toxicological effects of the herbicide glyphosate and current approaches to track and identify trace amounts of this agrochemical along with its biodegradability and possible remediating strategies. Efforts have also been made to summarize the biodegradation mechanisms and catabolic enzymes involved in glyphosate metabolism. |
topic |
herbicide glyphosate toxicity environmental fate biodegradation catabolic enzymes |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/20/7519 |
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