Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice
The same doses of anesthesia may yield varying depths of anesthesia in different patients. Clinical studies have revealed a possible causal relationship between deep anesthesia and negative short- and long-term patient outcomes. However, a reliable index and method of the clinical monitoring of deep...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.740012/full |
id |
doaj-4a5e451242fa454b9595d0f3ad658ea5 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Di Wang Di Wang Qingchen Guo Di Liu Xiang-Xi Kong Zheng Xu Yu Zhou Yan Su Feng Dai Hai-Lei Ding Hai-Lei Ding Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao |
spellingShingle |
Di Wang Di Wang Qingchen Guo Di Liu Xiang-Xi Kong Zheng Xu Yu Zhou Yan Su Feng Dai Hai-Lei Ding Hai-Lei Ding Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice Frontiers in Pharmacology burst-suppression burst-suppression latency burst-suppression ratio correlation anesthesia isoflurane |
author_facet |
Di Wang Di Wang Qingchen Guo Di Liu Xiang-Xi Kong Zheng Xu Yu Zhou Yan Su Feng Dai Hai-Lei Ding Hai-Lei Ding Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao Jun-Li Cao |
author_sort |
Di Wang |
title |
Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice |
title_short |
Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice |
title_full |
Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice |
title_fullStr |
Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice |
title_sort |
association between burst-suppression latency and burst-suppression ratio under isoflurane or adjuvant drugs with isoflurane anesthesia in mice |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Pharmacology |
issn |
1663-9812 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
The same doses of anesthesia may yield varying depths of anesthesia in different patients. Clinical studies have revealed a possible causal relationship between deep anesthesia and negative short- and long-term patient outcomes. However, a reliable index and method of the clinical monitoring of deep anesthesia and detecting latency remain lacking. As burst-suppression is a characteristic phenomenon of deep anesthesia, the present study investigated the relationship between burst-suppression latency (BSL) and the subsequent burst-suppression ratio (BSR) to find an improved detection for the onset of intraoperative deep anesthesia. The mice were divided young, adult and old group treated with 1.0% or 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia alone for 2 h. In addition, the adult mice were pretreated with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, midazolam or propofol before they were anesthetized by 1.0% isoflurane for 2 h. Continuous frontal, parietal and occipital electroencephalogram (EEG) were acquired during anesthesia. The time from the onset of anesthesia to the first occurrence of burst-suppression was defined as BSL, while BSR was calculated as percentage of burst-suppression time that was spent in suppression periods. Under 1.0% isoflurane anesthesia, we found a negative correlation between BSL and BSR for EEG recordings obtained from the parietal lobes of young mice, from the parietal and occipital lobes of adult mice, and the occipital lobes of old mice. Under 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia, only the BSL calculated from EEG data obtained from the occipital lobe was negatively correlated with BSR in all mice. Furthermore, in adult mice receiving 1.0% isoflurane anesthesia, the co-administration of ketamine and midazolam, but not dexmedetomidine and propofol, significantly decreased BSL and increased BSR. Together, these data suggest that BSL can detect burst-suppression and predict the subsequent BSR under isoflurane anesthesia used alone or in combination with anesthetics or adjuvant drugs. Furthermore, the consistent negative correlation between BSL and BSR calculated from occipital EEG recordings recommends it as the optimal position for monitoring burst-suppression. |
topic |
burst-suppression burst-suppression latency burst-suppression ratio correlation anesthesia isoflurane |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.740012/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT diwang associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT diwang associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT qingchenguo associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT diliu associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT xiangxikong associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT zhengxu associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT yuzhou associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT yansu associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT fengdai associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT haileiding associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT haileiding associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT junlicao associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT junlicao associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice AT junlicao associationbetweenburstsuppressionlatencyandburstsuppressionratiounderisofluraneoradjuvantdrugswithisofluraneanesthesiainmice |
_version_ |
1716866850302722048 |
spelling |
doaj-4a5e451242fa454b9595d0f3ad658ea52021-09-27T12:19:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122021-09-011210.3389/fphar.2021.740012740012Association Between Burst-Suppression Latency and Burst-Suppression Ratio Under Isoflurane or Adjuvant Drugs With Isoflurane Anesthesia in MiceDi Wang0Di Wang1Qingchen Guo2Di Liu3Xiang-Xi Kong4Zheng Xu5Yu Zhou6Yan Su7Feng Dai8Hai-Lei Ding9Hai-Lei Ding10Jun-Li Cao11Jun-Li Cao12Jun-Li Cao13Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, ChinaThe same doses of anesthesia may yield varying depths of anesthesia in different patients. Clinical studies have revealed a possible causal relationship between deep anesthesia and negative short- and long-term patient outcomes. However, a reliable index and method of the clinical monitoring of deep anesthesia and detecting latency remain lacking. As burst-suppression is a characteristic phenomenon of deep anesthesia, the present study investigated the relationship between burst-suppression latency (BSL) and the subsequent burst-suppression ratio (BSR) to find an improved detection for the onset of intraoperative deep anesthesia. The mice were divided young, adult and old group treated with 1.0% or 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia alone for 2 h. In addition, the adult mice were pretreated with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, midazolam or propofol before they were anesthetized by 1.0% isoflurane for 2 h. Continuous frontal, parietal and occipital electroencephalogram (EEG) were acquired during anesthesia. The time from the onset of anesthesia to the first occurrence of burst-suppression was defined as BSL, while BSR was calculated as percentage of burst-suppression time that was spent in suppression periods. Under 1.0% isoflurane anesthesia, we found a negative correlation between BSL and BSR for EEG recordings obtained from the parietal lobes of young mice, from the parietal and occipital lobes of adult mice, and the occipital lobes of old mice. Under 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia, only the BSL calculated from EEG data obtained from the occipital lobe was negatively correlated with BSR in all mice. Furthermore, in adult mice receiving 1.0% isoflurane anesthesia, the co-administration of ketamine and midazolam, but not dexmedetomidine and propofol, significantly decreased BSL and increased BSR. Together, these data suggest that BSL can detect burst-suppression and predict the subsequent BSR under isoflurane anesthesia used alone or in combination with anesthetics or adjuvant drugs. Furthermore, the consistent negative correlation between BSL and BSR calculated from occipital EEG recordings recommends it as the optimal position for monitoring burst-suppression.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.740012/fullburst-suppressionburst-suppression latencyburst-suppression ratiocorrelationanesthesiaisoflurane |