Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly
Abstract Background Trypanosoma brucei exhibits a complex life-cycle alternating between tsetse flies and mammalian hosts. When parasites infect the fly, cells differentiate to adapt to life in various tissues, which is accompanied by drastic morphological and biochemical modifications especially in...
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doaj-4c74e10996d44cb19bdb131bb12e76922020-11-25T02:04:43ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052020-04-0113111410.1186/s13071-020-04026-0Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse flyMoara Lemos0Adeline Mallet1Eloïse Bertiaux2Albane Imbert3Brice Rotureau4Philippe Bastin5Trypanosome Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur & INSERM U1201Trypanosome Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur & INSERM U1201Trypanosome Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur & INSERM U1201Fab Lab, Institut PasteurTrypanosome Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur & INSERM U1201Trypanosome Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur & INSERM U1201Abstract Background Trypanosoma brucei exhibits a complex life-cycle alternating between tsetse flies and mammalian hosts. When parasites infect the fly, cells differentiate to adapt to life in various tissues, which is accompanied by drastic morphological and biochemical modifications especially in the proventriculus. This key step represents a bottleneck for salivary gland infection. Methods Here, we monitored flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during differentiation from the trypomastigote to the epimastigote stage, i.e. when the nucleus migrates to the posterior end of the cell, by using three-dimensional electron microscopy (focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, FIB-SEM) and immunofluorescence assays. Results The combination of light and electron microscopy approaches provided structural and molecular evidence that the new flagellum is assembled while the nucleus migrates towards the posterior region of the body. Two major differences with well-known procyclic cells are reported. First, growth of the new flagellum begins when the associated basal body is found in a posterior position relative to the mature flagellum. Secondly, the new flagellum acquires its own flagellar pocket before rotating on the left side of the anterior-posterior axis. FIB-SEM revealed the presence of a structure connecting the new and mature flagellum and serial sectioning confirmed morphological similarities with the flagella connector of procyclic cells. We discuss the potential function of the flagella connector in trypanosomes from the proventriculus. Conclusions These findings show that T. brucei finely modulates its cytoskeletal components to generate highly variable morphologies.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04026-0Trypanosoma bruceiDifferentiationTsetse flyProventriculusFocused ion beam scanning electron microscopy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Moara Lemos Adeline Mallet Eloïse Bertiaux Albane Imbert Brice Rotureau Philippe Bastin |
spellingShingle |
Moara Lemos Adeline Mallet Eloïse Bertiaux Albane Imbert Brice Rotureau Philippe Bastin Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly Parasites & Vectors Trypanosoma brucei Differentiation Tsetse fly Proventriculus Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy |
author_facet |
Moara Lemos Adeline Mallet Eloïse Bertiaux Albane Imbert Brice Rotureau Philippe Bastin |
author_sort |
Moara Lemos |
title |
Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
title_short |
Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
title_full |
Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
title_fullStr |
Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
title_full_unstemmed |
Timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
title_sort |
timing and original features of flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during development in the tsetse fly |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Parasites & Vectors |
issn |
1756-3305 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Trypanosoma brucei exhibits a complex life-cycle alternating between tsetse flies and mammalian hosts. When parasites infect the fly, cells differentiate to adapt to life in various tissues, which is accompanied by drastic morphological and biochemical modifications especially in the proventriculus. This key step represents a bottleneck for salivary gland infection. Methods Here, we monitored flagellum assembly in trypanosomes during differentiation from the trypomastigote to the epimastigote stage, i.e. when the nucleus migrates to the posterior end of the cell, by using three-dimensional electron microscopy (focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, FIB-SEM) and immunofluorescence assays. Results The combination of light and electron microscopy approaches provided structural and molecular evidence that the new flagellum is assembled while the nucleus migrates towards the posterior region of the body. Two major differences with well-known procyclic cells are reported. First, growth of the new flagellum begins when the associated basal body is found in a posterior position relative to the mature flagellum. Secondly, the new flagellum acquires its own flagellar pocket before rotating on the left side of the anterior-posterior axis. FIB-SEM revealed the presence of a structure connecting the new and mature flagellum and serial sectioning confirmed morphological similarities with the flagella connector of procyclic cells. We discuss the potential function of the flagella connector in trypanosomes from the proventriculus. Conclusions These findings show that T. brucei finely modulates its cytoskeletal components to generate highly variable morphologies. |
topic |
Trypanosoma brucei Differentiation Tsetse fly Proventriculus Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04026-0 |
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