Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour
Volcanic eruptions can have a significant impact on the Earth's weather and climate system. Besides the subsequent tropospheric changes, the stratosphere is also influenced by large eruptions. Here changes in stratospheric water vapour after the two major volcanic eruptions of El Chichón in...
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doaj-4c78a7a0f63c49b9bab483eacd4ff48f2020-11-25T00:10:17ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-05-01166547656210.5194/acp-16-6547-2016Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapourM. Löffler0S. Brinkop1P. Jöckel2Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, GermanyDeutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, GermanyDeutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, GermanyVolcanic eruptions can have a significant impact on the Earth's weather and climate system. Besides the subsequent tropospheric changes, the stratosphere is also influenced by large eruptions. Here changes in stratospheric water vapour after the two major volcanic eruptions of El Chichón in Mexico in 1982 and Mount Pinatubo on the Philippines in 1991 are investigated with chemistry–climate model simulations. This study is based on two simulations with specified dynamics of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Hamburg – Modular Earth Submodel System (ECHAM/MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model, performed within the Earth System Chemistry integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) project, of which only one includes the long-wave volcanic forcing through prescribed aerosol optical properties. <br><br> The results show a significant increase in stratospheric water vapour induced by the eruptions, resulting from increased heating rates and the subsequent changes in stratospheric and tropopause temperatures in the tropics. The tropical vertical advection and the South Asian summer monsoon are identified as sources for the additional water vapour in the stratosphere. Additionally, volcanic influences on tropospheric water vapour and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are evident, if the long-wave forcing is strong enough. <br><br> Our results are corroborated by additional sensitivity simulations of the Mount Pinatubo period with reduced nudging and reduced volcanic aerosol extinction.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6547/2016/acp-16-6547-2016.pdf |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
M. Löffler S. Brinkop P. Jöckel |
spellingShingle |
M. Löffler S. Brinkop P. Jöckel Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
author_facet |
M. Löffler S. Brinkop P. Jöckel |
author_sort |
M. Löffler |
title |
Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
title_short |
Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
title_full |
Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
title_fullStr |
Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
title_sort |
impact of major volcanic eruptions on stratospheric water vapour |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
publishDate |
2016-05-01 |
description |
Volcanic eruptions can have a significant impact on the Earth's weather and
climate system. Besides the subsequent tropospheric changes, the stratosphere
is also influenced by large eruptions. Here changes in stratospheric water
vapour after the two major volcanic eruptions of El Chichón in Mexico in
1982 and Mount Pinatubo on the Philippines in 1991 are investigated with
chemistry–climate model simulations. This study is based on two simulations
with specified dynamics of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather
Forecasts Hamburg – Modular Earth Submodel System (ECHAM/MESSy) Atmospheric
Chemistry (EMAC) model, performed within the Earth System Chemistry
integrated Modelling (ESCiMo) project, of which only one includes the
long-wave volcanic forcing through prescribed aerosol optical properties.
<br><br>
The results show a significant increase in stratospheric water
vapour induced by the eruptions, resulting from increased heating rates and the
subsequent changes in stratospheric and tropopause temperatures in the
tropics. The tropical vertical advection and the South Asian summer monsoon
are identified as sources for the additional water vapour in the
stratosphere. Additionally, volcanic influences on tropospheric water
vapour and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are evident, if the long-wave forcing is strong enough.
<br><br>
Our results are corroborated by additional sensitivity simulations of the
Mount Pinatubo period with reduced nudging and reduced volcanic aerosol
extinction. |
url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6547/2016/acp-16-6547-2016.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mloffler impactofmajorvolcaniceruptionsonstratosphericwatervapour AT sbrinkop impactofmajorvolcaniceruptionsonstratosphericwatervapour AT pjockel impactofmajorvolcaniceruptionsonstratosphericwatervapour |
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