Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects
Iridoids are a class of monoterpenoid compounds constructed from 10-carbon skeleton of isoprene building units. These compounds in their aglycones and glycosylated forms exist in nature to contribute to mechanisms related to plant defenses and diverse plant-animal interactions. Recent studies have a...
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doaj-4cd4e14129cf4e78804431d0fa38016b2020-11-24T22:27:52ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-01-0123111710.3390/molecules23010117molecules23010117Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future ProspectsSolomon Habtemariam0Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UKIridoids are a class of monoterpenoid compounds constructed from 10-carbon skeleton of isoprene building units. These compounds in their aglycones and glycosylated forms exist in nature to contribute to mechanisms related to plant defenses and diverse plant-animal interactions. Recent studies have also shown that iridoids and other structurally related monoterpenes display a vast array of pharmacological effects that make them potential modulators of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review critically evaluates the therapeutic potential of these natural products by assessing key in vitro and in vivo data published in the scientific literature. Mechanistic approach of scrutiny addressing their effects in the Alzheimer’s brain including the τ-protein phosphorylation signaling, amyloid beta (Aβ) formation, aggregation, toxicity and clearance along with various effects from antioxidant to antiinflammatory mechanisms are discussed. The drug likeness of these compounds and future prospects to consider in their development as potential leads are addressed.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/1/117monoterpenesiridoidsAlzheimer’s diseaseamyloid betadrug likenessmultiple mechanisms |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Solomon Habtemariam |
spellingShingle |
Solomon Habtemariam Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects Molecules monoterpenes iridoids Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta drug likeness multiple mechanisms |
author_facet |
Solomon Habtemariam |
author_sort |
Solomon Habtemariam |
title |
Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects |
title_short |
Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects |
title_full |
Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects |
title_fullStr |
Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iridoids and Other Monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s Brain: Recent Development and Future Prospects |
title_sort |
iridoids and other monoterpenes in the alzheimer’s brain: recent development and future prospects |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
Iridoids are a class of monoterpenoid compounds constructed from 10-carbon skeleton of isoprene building units. These compounds in their aglycones and glycosylated forms exist in nature to contribute to mechanisms related to plant defenses and diverse plant-animal interactions. Recent studies have also shown that iridoids and other structurally related monoterpenes display a vast array of pharmacological effects that make them potential modulators of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review critically evaluates the therapeutic potential of these natural products by assessing key in vitro and in vivo data published in the scientific literature. Mechanistic approach of scrutiny addressing their effects in the Alzheimer’s brain including the τ-protein phosphorylation signaling, amyloid beta (Aβ) formation, aggregation, toxicity and clearance along with various effects from antioxidant to antiinflammatory mechanisms are discussed. The drug likeness of these compounds and future prospects to consider in their development as potential leads are addressed. |
topic |
monoterpenes iridoids Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta drug likeness multiple mechanisms |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/1/117 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT solomonhabtemariam iridoidsandothermonoterpenesinthealzheimersbrainrecentdevelopmentandfutureprospects |
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