Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i>
The acaricidal activity of acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 plant species was evaluated using the contact method on Rhipicephalus turanicus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks at an initial concentration of 20% (200 mg/mL). Eight of the 12 plants had mortality greater than 50% and the acetone extracts had bet...
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doaj-4ceb2476d46145a38d5f1836ab55d7b42020-11-24T22:27:20ZengAOSISOnderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research0030-24652219-06352017-11-01841e1e610.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1523571Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i>Gerda Fouche0Bellonah M. Sakong1Olubukola T. Adenubi2Jean Paul Dzoyem3Vinny Naidoo4Tlabo Leboho5Kevin W. Wellington6Jacobus N. Eloff7Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, PretoriaDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaBiomedical Research Center, University of PretoriaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, PretoriaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biosciences, PretoriaDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, University of PretoriaThe acaricidal activity of acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 plant species was evaluated using the contact method on Rhipicephalus turanicus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks at an initial concentration of 20% (200 mg/mL). Eight of the 12 plants had mortality greater than 50% and the acetone extracts had better acaricidal activity than the ethanol extracts. The acetone extract of Calpurnia aurea (leaves and flowers) had the highest corrected mortality (CM) of 92.2% followed by Schkuhria pinnata (whole plant) with a CM of 88.9%, Ficus sycomorus (bark and stems) 86.7% and Senna italica subsp. arachoides (roots, leaves and fruits) 83.3%. Selected extracts were tested at five different concentrations using the adult immersion test. From dose–response assays, EC<sub>50</sub> values of 61.82 mg/mL, 115.21 mg/mL and 161.02 mg/mL were obtained for the acetone extracts of S. pinnata (whole plant), S. italica subsp. arachoides (roots, leaves and fruits) and C. aurea (leaves and flowers) respectively. The ethanol extract of Monsonia angustifolia (whole plant) had the highest CM of 97.8% followed by S. pinnata (whole plant) with a CM of 86.7%, C. aurea (leaves and flowers) 81.1% and Cleome gynandra (leaves) 77.8%. There is potential for the development of environmentally benign botanicals as natural acaricides against R. turanicus.https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/1523Rhipicephalus turanicusAcaricidal activityPlant extractsAcetoneEthanol |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gerda Fouche Bellonah M. Sakong Olubukola T. Adenubi Jean Paul Dzoyem Vinny Naidoo Tlabo Leboho Kevin W. Wellington Jacobus N. Eloff |
spellingShingle |
Gerda Fouche Bellonah M. Sakong Olubukola T. Adenubi Jean Paul Dzoyem Vinny Naidoo Tlabo Leboho Kevin W. Wellington Jacobus N. Eloff Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Rhipicephalus turanicus Acaricidal activity Plant extracts Acetone Ethanol |
author_facet |
Gerda Fouche Bellonah M. Sakong Olubukola T. Adenubi Jean Paul Dzoyem Vinny Naidoo Tlabo Leboho Kevin W. Wellington Jacobus N. Eloff |
author_sort |
Gerda Fouche |
title |
Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
title_short |
Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
title_full |
Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
title_fullStr |
Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 South African plants against the adult ticks of <i>Rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
title_sort |
investigation of the acaricidal activity of the acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 south african plants against the adult ticks of <i>rhipicephalus turanicus</i> |
publisher |
AOSIS |
series |
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research |
issn |
0030-2465 2219-0635 |
publishDate |
2017-11-01 |
description |
The acaricidal activity of acetone and ethanol extracts of 12 plant species was evaluated using the contact method on Rhipicephalus turanicus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks at an initial concentration of 20% (200 mg/mL). Eight of the 12 plants had mortality greater than 50% and the acetone extracts had better acaricidal activity than the ethanol extracts. The acetone extract of Calpurnia aurea (leaves and flowers) had the highest corrected mortality (CM) of 92.2% followed by Schkuhria pinnata (whole plant) with a CM of 88.9%, Ficus sycomorus (bark and stems) 86.7% and Senna italica subsp. arachoides (roots, leaves and fruits) 83.3%. Selected extracts were tested at five different concentrations using the adult immersion test. From dose–response assays, EC<sub>50</sub> values of 61.82 mg/mL, 115.21 mg/mL and 161.02 mg/mL were obtained for the acetone extracts of S. pinnata (whole plant), S. italica subsp. arachoides (roots, leaves and fruits) and C. aurea (leaves and flowers) respectively. The ethanol extract of Monsonia angustifolia (whole plant) had the highest CM of 97.8% followed by S. pinnata (whole plant) with a CM of 86.7%, C. aurea (leaves and flowers) 81.1% and Cleome gynandra (leaves) 77.8%. There is potential for the development of environmentally benign botanicals as natural acaricides against R. turanicus. |
topic |
Rhipicephalus turanicus Acaricidal activity Plant extracts Acetone Ethanol |
url |
https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/1523 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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