The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing

The history of medicine abounds in cases of mysterious deaths, especially by infectious diseases, which were probably unresolved because of the lack of knowledge and of appropriate technology. The aim of this study was to exploit contemporary technologies to try to identify the cause of death of a y...

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Main Authors:	Valeria D’Argenio, Marielva Torino, Vincenza Precone, Giorgio Casaburi, Maria Valeria Esposito, Laura Iaffaldano, Umberto Malapelle, Giancarlo Troncone, Iolanda Coto, Paolina Cavalcanti, Gaetano De Rosa, Francesco Salvatore, Lucia Sacchetti
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2017-01-01
Series:	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:	metagenomics human microbiome cold case next generation sequencing
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/1/109

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spelling	doaj-4d0d1392bf764197853911bd867986322020-11-25T01:42:32ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672017-01-0118110910.3390/ijms18010109ijms18010109The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation SequencingValeria D’Argenio0Marielva Torino1Vincenza Precone2Giorgio Casaburi3Maria Valeria Esposito4Laura Iaffaldano5Umberto Malapelle6Giancarlo Troncone7Iolanda Coto8Paolina Cavalcanti9Gaetano De Rosa10Francesco Salvatore11Lucia Sacchetti12CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyLaboratory of Archeo-Anthropology, University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, via Suor Orsola 10, 80125 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyMicrobiology Unit, Hospital of Cosenza, via San Martino, 87100 Cosenza, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, ItalyThe history of medicine abounds in cases of mysterious deaths, especially by infectious diseases, which were probably unresolved because of the lack of knowledge and of appropriate technology. The aim of this study was to exploit contemporary technologies to try to identify the cause of death of a young boy who died from a putative “infection” at the end of the 18th century, and for whom an extraordinarily well-preserved minute bone fragment was available. After confirming the nature of the sample, we used laser microdissection to select the most “informative” area to be examined. Tissue genotyping indicated male gender, thereby confirming the notary’s report. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were more abundant than Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and that Pseudomonas was the most abundant bacterial genus in the Pseudomonadaceae family. These data suggest that the patient most likely died from Pseudomonas osteomyelitis. This case is an example of how new technological approaches, like laser microdissection and next-generation sequencing, can resolve ancient cases of uncertain etiopathology. Lastly, medical samples may contain a wealth of information that may not be accessible until more sophisticated technology becomes available. Therefore, one may envisage the possibility of systematically storing medical samples for evaluation by future generations.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/1/109metagenomicshuman microbiomecold casenext generation sequencing
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Valeria D’Argenio Marielva Torino Vincenza Precone Giorgio Casaburi Maria Valeria Esposito Laura Iaffaldano Umberto Malapelle Giancarlo Troncone Iolanda Coto Paolina Cavalcanti Gaetano De Rosa Francesco Salvatore Lucia Sacchetti
spellingShingle	Valeria D’Argenio Marielva Torino Vincenza Precone Giorgio Casaburi Maria Valeria Esposito Laura Iaffaldano Umberto Malapelle Giancarlo Troncone Iolanda Coto Paolina Cavalcanti Gaetano De Rosa Francesco Salvatore Lucia Sacchetti The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing International Journal of Molecular Sciences metagenomics human microbiome cold case next generation sequencing
author_facet	Valeria D’Argenio Marielva Torino Vincenza Precone Giorgio Casaburi Maria Valeria Esposito Laura Iaffaldano Umberto Malapelle Giancarlo Troncone Iolanda Coto Paolina Cavalcanti Gaetano De Rosa Francesco Salvatore Lucia Sacchetti
author_sort	Valeria D’Argenio
title	The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing
title_short	The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing
title_full	The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing
title_fullStr	The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing
title_full_unstemmed	The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing
title_sort	cause of death of a child in the 18th century solved by bone microbiome typing using laser microdissection and next generation sequencing
publisher	MDPI AG
series	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
issn	1422-0067
publishDate	2017-01-01
description	The history of medicine abounds in cases of mysterious deaths, especially by infectious diseases, which were probably unresolved because of the lack of knowledge and of appropriate technology. The aim of this study was to exploit contemporary technologies to try to identify the cause of death of a young boy who died from a putative “infection” at the end of the 18th century, and for whom an extraordinarily well-preserved minute bone fragment was available. After confirming the nature of the sample, we used laser microdissection to select the most “informative” area to be examined. Tissue genotyping indicated male gender, thereby confirming the notary’s report. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were more abundant than Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and that Pseudomonas was the most abundant bacterial genus in the Pseudomonadaceae family. These data suggest that the patient most likely died from Pseudomonas osteomyelitis. This case is an example of how new technological approaches, like laser microdissection and next-generation sequencing, can resolve ancient cases of uncertain etiopathology. Lastly, medical samples may contain a wealth of information that may not be accessible until more sophisticated technology becomes available. Therefore, one may envisage the possibility of systematically storing medical samples for evaluation by future generations.
topic	metagenomics human microbiome cold case next generation sequencing
url	http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/1/109
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The Cause of Death of a Child in the 18th Century Solved by Bone Microbiome Typing Using Laser Microdissection and Next Generation Sequencing

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