In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac
Abstract Background This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and comparison of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of Harpagopytum zeyheri with diclofenac. Methods In vitro assays were conducted using water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of H.zeyheri. The antioxidant activit...
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doaj-4de70128dd724101999334005b6dfcf52021-09-26T11:49:35ZengBMCBMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies2662-76712021-09-012111910.1186/s12906-021-03407-xIn vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenacSibonokuhle F. Ncube0Lyndy J. McGaw1Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya2Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa3Peter J. Mundy4Samson Sibanda5Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Science, National University of Science and TechnologyPhytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of PretoriaPhytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of PretoriaDepartment of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Science, National University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Science, National University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, National University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Background This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and comparison of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of Harpagopytum zeyheri with diclofenac. Methods In vitro assays were conducted using water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of H.zeyheri. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) and 2,2′- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages as well as cytokine (TNF-α and IL-10) expression on LPS-induced U937 human macrophages. For cytotoxicity, cell viability was determined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results The ethyl acetate extract had the lowest IC50 values in the DPPH (5.91 μg/ml) and ABTS (20.5 μg/ml) assay compared to other extracts. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extracts effectively inhibited NO and TNF-α and proved to be comparable to diclofenac at some concentrations. All extracts of H. zeyheri displayed dose-dependent activity and were associated with low levels of human-IL-10 expression compared to quercetin. Furthermore, all extracts displayed low toxicity relative to diclofenac. Conclusions These findings show that H. zeyheri has significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, similarities exist in the inflammatory activity of H. zeyheri to diclofenac at some concentrations as well as low toxicity in comparison to diclofenac.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03407-xAntioxidantCytotoxicityCytokinesHarpagophytum zeyheriInflammationNitric oxide |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sibonokuhle F. Ncube Lyndy J. McGaw Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa Peter J. Mundy Samson Sibanda |
spellingShingle |
Sibonokuhle F. Ncube Lyndy J. McGaw Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa Peter J. Mundy Samson Sibanda In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Antioxidant Cytotoxicity Cytokines Harpagophytum zeyheri Inflammation Nitric oxide |
author_facet |
Sibonokuhle F. Ncube Lyndy J. McGaw Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa Peter J. Mundy Samson Sibanda |
author_sort |
Sibonokuhle F. Ncube |
title |
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
title_short |
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
title_full |
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
title_fullStr |
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
title_full_unstemmed |
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
title_sort |
in vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies |
issn |
2662-7671 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and comparison of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of Harpagopytum zeyheri with diclofenac. Methods In vitro assays were conducted using water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of H.zeyheri. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) and 2,2′- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages as well as cytokine (TNF-α and IL-10) expression on LPS-induced U937 human macrophages. For cytotoxicity, cell viability was determined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results The ethyl acetate extract had the lowest IC50 values in the DPPH (5.91 μg/ml) and ABTS (20.5 μg/ml) assay compared to other extracts. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extracts effectively inhibited NO and TNF-α and proved to be comparable to diclofenac at some concentrations. All extracts of H. zeyheri displayed dose-dependent activity and were associated with low levels of human-IL-10 expression compared to quercetin. Furthermore, all extracts displayed low toxicity relative to diclofenac. Conclusions These findings show that H. zeyheri has significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, similarities exist in the inflammatory activity of H. zeyheri to diclofenac at some concentrations as well as low toxicity in comparison to diclofenac. |
topic |
Antioxidant Cytotoxicity Cytokines Harpagophytum zeyheri Inflammation Nitric oxide |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03407-x |
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