The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Mass treatment as a means to reducing P. falciparum malaria transmission was used during the first global malaria eradication campaign and is increasingly being considered for current control programmes. We used a previously developed mathematical transmission model to explore both the short and lon...
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doaj-4e50a6407c5948648096b932de012a852020-11-25T00:08:40ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032011-01-0165e2017910.1371/journal.pone.0020179The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.Lucy C OkellJamie T GriffinImmo KleinschmidtT Déirdre HollingsworthThomas S ChurcherMichael J WhiteTeun BousemaChris J DrakeleyAzra C GhaniMass treatment as a means to reducing P. falciparum malaria transmission was used during the first global malaria eradication campaign and is increasingly being considered for current control programmes. We used a previously developed mathematical transmission model to explore both the short and long-term impact of possible mass treatment strategies in different scenarios of endemic transmission. Mass treatment is predicted to provide a longer-term benefit in areas with lower malaria transmission, with reduced transmission levels for at least 2 years after mass treatment is ended in a scenario where the baseline slide-prevalence is 5%, compared to less than one year in a scenario with baseline slide-prevalence at 50%. However, repeated annual mass treatment at 80% coverage could achieve around 25% reduction in infectious bites in moderate-to-high transmission settings if sustained. Using vector control could reduce transmission to levels at which mass treatment has a longer-term impact. In a limited number of settings (which have isolated transmission in small populations of 1000-10,000 with low-to-medium levels of baseline transmission) we find that five closely spaced rounds of mass treatment combined with vector control could make at least temporary elimination a feasible goal. We also estimate the effects of using gametocytocidal treatments such as primaquine and of restricting treatment to parasite-positive individuals. In conclusion, mass treatment needs to be repeated or combined with other interventions for long-term impact in many endemic settings. The benefits of mass treatment need to be carefully weighed against the risks of increasing drug selection pressure.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3101232?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lucy C Okell Jamie T Griffin Immo Kleinschmidt T Déirdre Hollingsworth Thomas S Churcher Michael J White Teun Bousema Chris J Drakeley Azra C Ghani |
spellingShingle |
Lucy C Okell Jamie T Griffin Immo Kleinschmidt T Déirdre Hollingsworth Thomas S Churcher Michael J White Teun Bousema Chris J Drakeley Azra C Ghani The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Lucy C Okell Jamie T Griffin Immo Kleinschmidt T Déirdre Hollingsworth Thomas S Churcher Michael J White Teun Bousema Chris J Drakeley Azra C Ghani |
author_sort |
Lucy C Okell |
title |
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
title_short |
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
title_full |
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
title_fullStr |
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
title_sort |
potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2011-01-01 |
description |
Mass treatment as a means to reducing P. falciparum malaria transmission was used during the first global malaria eradication campaign and is increasingly being considered for current control programmes. We used a previously developed mathematical transmission model to explore both the short and long-term impact of possible mass treatment strategies in different scenarios of endemic transmission. Mass treatment is predicted to provide a longer-term benefit in areas with lower malaria transmission, with reduced transmission levels for at least 2 years after mass treatment is ended in a scenario where the baseline slide-prevalence is 5%, compared to less than one year in a scenario with baseline slide-prevalence at 50%. However, repeated annual mass treatment at 80% coverage could achieve around 25% reduction in infectious bites in moderate-to-high transmission settings if sustained. Using vector control could reduce transmission to levels at which mass treatment has a longer-term impact. In a limited number of settings (which have isolated transmission in small populations of 1000-10,000 with low-to-medium levels of baseline transmission) we find that five closely spaced rounds of mass treatment combined with vector control could make at least temporary elimination a feasible goal. We also estimate the effects of using gametocytocidal treatments such as primaquine and of restricting treatment to parasite-positive individuals. In conclusion, mass treatment needs to be repeated or combined with other interventions for long-term impact in many endemic settings. The benefits of mass treatment need to be carefully weighed against the risks of increasing drug selection pressure. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3101232?pdf=render |
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