Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity
Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterised by gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Depression and anxiety, but not somatization, have already been associated with altered intestinal barrier function, increased LPS, a...
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doaj-4e57a55a3504491187e7b4d5e68bf2432021-05-23T11:20:31ZengBMCBMC Gastroenterology1471-230X2021-05-0121111010.1186/s12876-021-01820-7Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrityLaura Prospero0Giuseppe Riezzo1Michele Linsalata2Antonella Orlando3Benedetta D’Attoma4Marta Di Masi5Manuela Martulli6Francesco Russo7Laboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalScientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalLaboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research HospitalAbstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterised by gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Depression and anxiety, but not somatization, have already been associated with altered intestinal barrier function, increased LPS, and dysbiosis. The study aimed to investigate the possible link between somatization and intestinal barrier in IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) patients. Methods Forty-seven IBS-D patients were classified as having low somatization (LS = 19) or high somatization (HS = 28) according to the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), (cut-off score = 63). The IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaires were administered to evaluate GI symptoms. The intestinal barrier function was studied by the lactulose/mannitol absorption test, faecal and serum zonulin, serum intestinal fatty-acid binding protein, and diamine oxidase. Inflammation was assessed by assaying serum Interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-α. Dysbiosis was assessed by the urinary concentrations of indole and skatole and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All data were analysed using a non-parametric test. Results The GI symptoms profiles were significantly more severe, both as a single symptom and as clusters of IBS-SSS and GSRS, in HS than LS patients. This finding was associated with impaired small intestinal permeability and increased faecal zonulin levels. Besides, HS patients showed significantly higher IL-8 and lowered IL-10 concentrations than LS patients. Lastly, circulating LPS levels and the urinary concentrations of indole were higher in HS than LS ones, suggesting a more pronounced imbalance of the small intestine in the former patients. Conclusions IBS is a multifactorial disorder needing complete clinical, psychological, and biochemical evaluations. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03423069 .https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-021-01820-7DysbiosisInflammationIntestinal permeabilityIrritable bowel syndromeSomatizationSymptom questionnaire |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Laura Prospero Giuseppe Riezzo Michele Linsalata Antonella Orlando Benedetta D’Attoma Marta Di Masi Manuela Martulli Francesco Russo |
spellingShingle |
Laura Prospero Giuseppe Riezzo Michele Linsalata Antonella Orlando Benedetta D’Attoma Marta Di Masi Manuela Martulli Francesco Russo Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity BMC Gastroenterology Dysbiosis Inflammation Intestinal permeability Irritable bowel syndrome Somatization Symptom questionnaire |
author_facet |
Laura Prospero Giuseppe Riezzo Michele Linsalata Antonella Orlando Benedetta D’Attoma Marta Di Masi Manuela Martulli Francesco Russo |
author_sort |
Laura Prospero |
title |
Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
title_short |
Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
title_full |
Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
title_fullStr |
Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
title_sort |
somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Gastroenterology |
issn |
1471-230X |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterised by gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Depression and anxiety, but not somatization, have already been associated with altered intestinal barrier function, increased LPS, and dysbiosis. The study aimed to investigate the possible link between somatization and intestinal barrier in IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) patients. Methods Forty-seven IBS-D patients were classified as having low somatization (LS = 19) or high somatization (HS = 28) according to the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), (cut-off score = 63). The IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaires were administered to evaluate GI symptoms. The intestinal barrier function was studied by the lactulose/mannitol absorption test, faecal and serum zonulin, serum intestinal fatty-acid binding protein, and diamine oxidase. Inflammation was assessed by assaying serum Interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-α. Dysbiosis was assessed by the urinary concentrations of indole and skatole and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All data were analysed using a non-parametric test. Results The GI symptoms profiles were significantly more severe, both as a single symptom and as clusters of IBS-SSS and GSRS, in HS than LS patients. This finding was associated with impaired small intestinal permeability and increased faecal zonulin levels. Besides, HS patients showed significantly higher IL-8 and lowered IL-10 concentrations than LS patients. Lastly, circulating LPS levels and the urinary concentrations of indole were higher in HS than LS ones, suggesting a more pronounced imbalance of the small intestine in the former patients. Conclusions IBS is a multifactorial disorder needing complete clinical, psychological, and biochemical evaluations. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03423069 . |
topic |
Dysbiosis Inflammation Intestinal permeability Irritable bowel syndrome Somatization Symptom questionnaire |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-021-01820-7 |
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