The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions
The gut microbiota performs several essential protective, structural, and metabolic functions for host health. The maintenance of a beneficial microbiota requires a homeostatic equilibrium within microbial communities, and between the microorganisms and the host. The gut microbiota composition may b...
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doaj-4e6a427e897b40aea30db4441261fc922020-11-24T21:59:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-02-0111237310.3390/nu11020373nu11020373The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological ConditionsSofia Reddel0Lorenza Putignani1Federica Del Chierico2Human Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, ItalyHuman Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, ItalyHuman Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, ItalyThe gut microbiota performs several essential protective, structural, and metabolic functions for host health. The maintenance of a beneficial microbiota requires a homeostatic equilibrium within microbial communities, and between the microorganisms and the host. The gut microbiota composition may be affected by external factors, among them diet habits may be considered most important. In some pathological conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease (CD), or neurological disorders (ND), specific dietary regimens as low-fermentable, oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), ketogenic (KD), and gluten-free (GFD) diets are considered therapeutic. These kinds of diets are characterized by a reduction or exclusion of a specific nutrient from the entire dietary pattern. Despite these alimentary regimens showing beneficial effects on disease symptoms, they can affect microbiota composition, especially if they are protracted for a long time. To date, only a few studies have reported the effects of these diets on gut microbiota. In this review, we discuss the effects of low-FODMAPs, KD, and GFD on gut microbiota modulation in pathological conditions, advancing the possibility of depicting a balanced diet and developing personalized dietary intervention protocols.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/2/373microbiotadietary patternslow-FODMAPs dietketogenic dietgluten-free diet |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sofia Reddel Lorenza Putignani Federica Del Chierico |
spellingShingle |
Sofia Reddel Lorenza Putignani Federica Del Chierico The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions Nutrients microbiota dietary patterns low-FODMAPs diet ketogenic diet gluten-free diet |
author_facet |
Sofia Reddel Lorenza Putignani Federica Del Chierico |
author_sort |
Sofia Reddel |
title |
The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions |
title_short |
The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions |
title_full |
The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions |
title_fullStr |
The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Impact of Low-FODMAPs, Gluten-Free, and Ketogenic Diets on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Pathological Conditions |
title_sort |
impact of low-fodmaps, gluten-free, and ketogenic diets on gut microbiota modulation in pathological conditions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2019-02-01 |
description |
The gut microbiota performs several essential protective, structural, and metabolic functions for host health. The maintenance of a beneficial microbiota requires a homeostatic equilibrium within microbial communities, and between the microorganisms and the host. The gut microbiota composition may be affected by external factors, among them diet habits may be considered most important. In some pathological conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease (CD), or neurological disorders (ND), specific dietary regimens as low-fermentable, oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), ketogenic (KD), and gluten-free (GFD) diets are considered therapeutic. These kinds of diets are characterized by a reduction or exclusion of a specific nutrient from the entire dietary pattern. Despite these alimentary regimens showing beneficial effects on disease symptoms, they can affect microbiota composition, especially if they are protracted for a long time. To date, only a few studies have reported the effects of these diets on gut microbiota. In this review, we discuss the effects of low-FODMAPs, KD, and GFD on gut microbiota modulation in pathological conditions, advancing the possibility of depicting a balanced diet and developing personalized dietary intervention protocols. |
topic |
microbiota dietary patterns low-FODMAPs diet ketogenic diet gluten-free diet |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/2/373 |
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