Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning.
Multiple processes may contribute to motor skill acquisition, but it is thought that many of these processes require sleep or the passage of long periods of time ranging from several hours to many days or weeks. Here we demonstrate that within a timescale of minutes, two distinct fast-acting process...
Main Authors: | , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2006-06-01
|
Series: | PLoS Biology |
Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC1463025?pdf=render |
id |
doaj-4e92e636c37c4848b2d0cbb8fe8b7621 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-4e92e636c37c4848b2d0cbb8fe8b76212021-07-02T14:41:42ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Biology1544-91731545-78852006-06-0146e17910.1371/journal.pbio.0040179Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning.Maurice A SmithAli GhazizadehReza ShadmehrMultiple processes may contribute to motor skill acquisition, but it is thought that many of these processes require sleep or the passage of long periods of time ranging from several hours to many days or weeks. Here we demonstrate that within a timescale of minutes, two distinct fast-acting processes drive motor adaptation. One process responds weakly to error but retains information well, whereas the other responds strongly but has poor retention. This two-state learning system makes the surprising prediction of spontaneous recovery (or adaptation rebound) if error feedback is clamped at zero following an adaptation-extinction training episode. We used a novel paradigm to experimentally confirm this prediction in human motor learning of reaching, and we show that the interaction between the learning processes in this simple two-state system provides a unifying explanation for several different, apparently unrelated, phenomena in motor adaptation including savings, anterograde interference, spontaneous recovery, and rapid unlearning. Our results suggest that motor adaptation depends on at least two distinct neural systems that have different sensitivity to error and retain information at different rates.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC1463025?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maurice A Smith Ali Ghazizadeh Reza Shadmehr |
spellingShingle |
Maurice A Smith Ali Ghazizadeh Reza Shadmehr Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. PLoS Biology |
author_facet |
Maurice A Smith Ali Ghazizadeh Reza Shadmehr |
author_sort |
Maurice A Smith |
title |
Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
title_short |
Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
title_full |
Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
title_fullStr |
Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
title_sort |
interacting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS Biology |
issn |
1544-9173 1545-7885 |
publishDate |
2006-06-01 |
description |
Multiple processes may contribute to motor skill acquisition, but it is thought that many of these processes require sleep or the passage of long periods of time ranging from several hours to many days or weeks. Here we demonstrate that within a timescale of minutes, two distinct fast-acting processes drive motor adaptation. One process responds weakly to error but retains information well, whereas the other responds strongly but has poor retention. This two-state learning system makes the surprising prediction of spontaneous recovery (or adaptation rebound) if error feedback is clamped at zero following an adaptation-extinction training episode. We used a novel paradigm to experimentally confirm this prediction in human motor learning of reaching, and we show that the interaction between the learning processes in this simple two-state system provides a unifying explanation for several different, apparently unrelated, phenomena in motor adaptation including savings, anterograde interference, spontaneous recovery, and rapid unlearning. Our results suggest that motor adaptation depends on at least two distinct neural systems that have different sensitivity to error and retain information at different rates. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC1463025?pdf=render |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mauriceasmith interactingadaptiveprocesseswithdifferenttimescalesunderlieshorttermmotorlearning AT alighazizadeh interactingadaptiveprocesseswithdifferenttimescalesunderlieshorttermmotorlearning AT rezashadmehr interactingadaptiveprocesseswithdifferenttimescalesunderlieshorttermmotorlearning |
_version_ |
1721327806003019776 |