| Summary: | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most challenging issues in modern medicine.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We evaluated the secular trends of the relative frequency of blood isolates and of the pattern of their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility in our hospital during the last four and a half years.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overall, the data regarding the relative frequency of blood isolates in our newly founded hospital do not differ significantly from those of hospitals that are functioning for a much longer period of time. A noteworthy emerging problem is the increasing antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria, mainly <it>Acinetobacter baumannii </it>and <it>Klebsiella pneumoniae </it>to various classes of antibiotics. <it>Acinetobacter baumannii </it>isolates showed an increase of resistance to amikacin (p = 0.019), ciprofloxacin (p = 0.001), imipenem (p < 0.001), and piperacillin/tazobactam (p = 0.01) between the first and second period of the study.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>An alarming increase of the antimicrobial resistance of <it>Acinetobacter baumannii </it>isolates has been noted during our study.</p>
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