Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM
This study was designed to investigate whether plumbagin (PL) could sensitize ionizing radiation (IR) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and its possible mechanisms. Cell proliferation and combination index analysis was based on MTT and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was applied...
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2021-01-01
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Series: | Journal of Oncology |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8239984 |
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doaj-4f333ccaa8394482a1abcd405398ef702021-09-06T00:00:40ZengHindawi LimitedJournal of Oncology1687-84692021-01-01202110.1155/2021/8239984Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATMShu-Ting Pan0Gan Huang1Qiaohong Wang2Jia-Xuan Qiu3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThis study was designed to investigate whether plumbagin (PL) could sensitize ionizing radiation (IR) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and its possible mechanisms. Cell proliferation and combination index analysis was based on MTT and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis after the treatment of PL and/or IR. RT-PCR was used to examine the gene expression level of ataxia telangiegatasiata muted (ATM) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) after various treatment groups. Western blot was used to examine the protein level of ATM and NF-κB as well as their phosphorylation level. PL enhances the cytotoxicity of IR in TSCC cells. Combination index was <1 which represents a synergistic effect. Combined PL and IR promoted G2/M arrest and apoptosis which could be reversed by ATM activator chloroquine phosphate. ATM and NF-κB were both inhibited by PL and IR combination. PL can efficiently enhance the radiosensitivity of TSCC cells by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis via downregulating ATM.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8239984 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shu-Ting Pan Gan Huang Qiaohong Wang Jia-Xuan Qiu |
spellingShingle |
Shu-Ting Pan Gan Huang Qiaohong Wang Jia-Xuan Qiu Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM Journal of Oncology |
author_facet |
Shu-Ting Pan Gan Huang Qiaohong Wang Jia-Xuan Qiu |
author_sort |
Shu-Ting Pan |
title |
Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM |
title_short |
Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM |
title_full |
Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM |
title_fullStr |
Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plumbagin Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Downregulating ATM |
title_sort |
plumbagin enhances the radiosensitivity of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells via downregulating atm |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Journal of Oncology |
issn |
1687-8469 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
This study was designed to investigate whether plumbagin (PL) could sensitize ionizing radiation (IR) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and its possible mechanisms. Cell proliferation and combination index analysis was based on MTT and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis after the treatment of PL and/or IR. RT-PCR was used to examine the gene expression level of ataxia telangiegatasiata muted (ATM) and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) after various treatment groups. Western blot was used to examine the protein level of ATM and NF-κB as well as their phosphorylation level. PL enhances the cytotoxicity of IR in TSCC cells. Combination index was <1 which represents a synergistic effect. Combined PL and IR promoted G2/M arrest and apoptosis which could be reversed by ATM activator chloroquine phosphate. ATM and NF-κB were both inhibited by PL and IR combination. PL can efficiently enhance the radiosensitivity of TSCC cells by inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis via downregulating ATM. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8239984 |
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