Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Serum Vitamin D Levels in Prediabetes

• Main Authors: Ajay Chauhan, Amrinder Singh, Parul Goyal, Jasmeet Kaur, Priyamvadha Ramesh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2019-08-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; biomarker; dysglycaemia; hyperglycaemia
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/13081/42004_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_PF1(AJ_SHU)_PN(SL).pdf

Introduction: Prediabetes or intermediate hyperglycaemia is a high risk condition with blood glucose levels higher than the normal glycaemic values but lower than the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) diagnostic value. Individuals in prediabetic state have increased likelihood of development of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), endothelial dysfunction and obesity. Increased oxidative stress leads to pathogenesis of DM. Early assessment of DNA damage and vitamin D helps in timely management of the condition. Aim: To assess the association of oxidative stress and serum vitamin D levels in prediabetic individuals. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, PGIMER and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India. A total of 60 prediabetic cases and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Serum and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (a marker of oxidative stress) and serum levels of vitamin D were compared between prediabetic subjects and healthy controls. An 8-OHdG was measured by sandwich Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and serum vitamin D levels were measured by enhanced chemiluminescence. Continuous variable was assessed using t-test and nominal variables were compared using chi-square test. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Serum levels of 8-OHdG was significantly higher in prediabetic subjects than controls (826.4±583 pg/mL vs. 584.567±375.205 pg/mL, p-value=0.042). Similarly, urinary levels of 8-OHdG were significantly higher in prediabetic subjects than controls (571.975±421.7 pg/mL vs. 374.9±291.877 pg/mL, p-value=0.024). Serum levels of vitamin D were significantly lower in prediabetic subjects than controls (18.3±14.9 ng/mL vs. 26.7±15.75 ng/mL, p-value=0.016). Conclusion: Oxidative stress, as confirmed by the biomarker, 8-OHdG, was significantly increased while serum levels of vitamin D were significantly lowered in prediabetes. Therefore, the study recommends the use of vitamin D supplementation as preventive intervention for management of dysglycaemia.