A New Jatropha curcas Variety (JO S2) with Improved Seed Productivity

• Main Authors: Chengxin Yi, Chalapathy Reddy, Kins Varghese, Thi Ngoc Ha Bui, Shilu Zhang, Manju Kallath, Binoy Kunjachen, Srinivasan Ramachandran, Yan Hong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2014-07-01
• Series: Sustainability
• Subjects: Jatropha curcas; breeding; improved Jatropha varieties; field trial
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/6/7/4355

One key reason for the failure of Jatropha plantation is the use of non-improved planting materials. We present in this paper a Jatropha variety (JO S2) through selective breeding with much better seed productivity than wild accessions as proven by field trials in Singapore and India. In a single farm trial in Singapore for two years, a comparison was conducted with accessions from China, India, Indonesia and Africa. It was found that all traits studied like seed yield, seed kernel content, seed oil content, fatty acid composition, phosphorus content and PE content differed significantly among and within the wild accessions. Overall, JO S2 was the best performer with the highest seed yield, high oil content and low phosphorus content. On two sites in Tamil Nadu, Southern India, this Jatropha variety produced up to 2.95 ton/ha of dry seeds in the first year and up to 4.25 ton/ha of dry seeds in the second year, much better than the local variety control. We attribute its higher seed productivity to early flowering, better self-branching, more flower/fruiting bunches, more fruits per bunch and importantly, better uniformity among plants. This exemplifies that breeding has improved Jatropha seed productivity which will lead to better economics for Jatropha plantation.