Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource
The performance of helmet prototypes fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites filled with oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers was evaluated. The fibers were produced using a milling procedure, while the composites were fabricated using a single-screw extrusion. The physical character...
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doaj-50e14388576e451dbcf79ba23dccfcde2020-11-24T22:23:02ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442018-12-011213410.3390/ma12010034ma12010034Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural ResourceSiti Nikmatin0Bambang Hermawan1Irmansyah Irmansyah2Mohammad Nur Indro3Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh4Achmad Syafiuddin5Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680 Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680 Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680 Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680 Bogor, IndonesiaConstruction Research Centre (CRC), Institute for Smart Infrastructure and Innovative Construction (ISIIC), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MalaysiaDepartment of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, MalaysiaThe performance of helmet prototypes fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites filled with oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers was evaluated. The fibers were produced using a milling procedure, while the composites were fabricated using a single-screw extrusion. The physical characteristics of the produced fibers, which are water content, size, and density, were investigated. In addition, the mechanical properties of the produced helmets, including shock absorption, yield stress, frequency, and head injury criterion (HIC), were examined. The impact strength of the produced helmets increases with the rise of filler content. In addition, the helmets were also able to withstand a considerable pressure such that the transmitted pressure was far under the maximum value acceptable by the human skull. The present work also found that HICs exhibited by the investigated helmet prototypes fulfill all the practical guidelines as permitted by the Indonesian government. In terms of novelty, such innovation can be considered the first invention in Indonesia since the endorsement of the use of motorcycle helmets.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/1/34oil palmacrylonitrile butadiene styrenenatural fillersmechanical properties |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Siti Nikmatin Bambang Hermawan Irmansyah Irmansyah Mohammad Nur Indro Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh Achmad Syafiuddin |
spellingShingle |
Siti Nikmatin Bambang Hermawan Irmansyah Irmansyah Mohammad Nur Indro Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh Achmad Syafiuddin Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource Materials oil palm acrylonitrile butadiene styrene natural fillers mechanical properties |
author_facet |
Siti Nikmatin Bambang Hermawan Irmansyah Irmansyah Mohammad Nur Indro Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh Achmad Syafiuddin |
author_sort |
Siti Nikmatin |
title |
Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource |
title_short |
Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource |
title_full |
Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the Performance of Helmet Prototypes Fabricated from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Filled with Natural Resource |
title_sort |
evaluation of the performance of helmet prototypes fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites filled with natural resource |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
The performance of helmet prototypes fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites filled with oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers was evaluated. The fibers were produced using a milling procedure, while the composites were fabricated using a single-screw extrusion. The physical characteristics of the produced fibers, which are water content, size, and density, were investigated. In addition, the mechanical properties of the produced helmets, including shock absorption, yield stress, frequency, and head injury criterion (HIC), were examined. The impact strength of the produced helmets increases with the rise of filler content. In addition, the helmets were also able to withstand a considerable pressure such that the transmitted pressure was far under the maximum value acceptable by the human skull. The present work also found that HICs exhibited by the investigated helmet prototypes fulfill all the practical guidelines as permitted by the Indonesian government. In terms of novelty, such innovation can be considered the first invention in Indonesia since the endorsement of the use of motorcycle helmets. |
topic |
oil palm acrylonitrile butadiene styrene natural fillers mechanical properties |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/1/34 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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