Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis
Abstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are the causative agents of a severe keratitis occurring mainly in contact lens wearers. The genus comprises more than 24 species that are currently divided into 20 different genotypes (T1-T20) according to sequence variations in the 18S rRNA gene. The objective...
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doaj-51a8528637e14574966d9de1191a2bdf2020-11-25T01:12:27ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052019-01-011211710.1186/s13071-019-3302-5Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitisMaría Isabel Jercic0Carolina Aguayo1Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba2Laura Muiño3Stella Maris Chenet4Jaime Lagos5Antonio Osuna6Jorge Fernández7Sección Parasitología, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileSubdepartamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileSección Parasitología, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileFacultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de ChileSección Parasitología, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileSubdepartamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileDepartamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Biotecnología, Grupo de Bioquímica y Parasitología Molecular, Universidad de GranadaSubdepartamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de ChileAbstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are the causative agents of a severe keratitis occurring mainly in contact lens wearers. The genus comprises more than 24 species that are currently divided into 20 different genotypes (T1-T20) according to sequence variations in the 18S rRNA gene. The objective of this study was to identify the genotypes and sub-genotypes of Acanthamoeba isolates collected at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Public Health Institute of Chile, the only laboratory in the country where Acanthamoeba screening is performed. This is the first report of genotypic identification of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba in Chile and one of the few in South America. Results In this study, 114 Acanthamoeba isolates from 76 Acanthamoeba keratitis patients, obtained between 2005–2016, were genotyped. T4 was the predominant genotype; T2 and T11 genotypes, which are scarcely reported worldwide, were also identified in Chilean patients (one and two patients, respectively). This is the first report of T2 and T11 genotypes isolated from Acanthamoeba keratitis patients in South America. It is also the first report of the T2 genotype circulating in this continent. Analysis of the diagnostic fragment 3 region of the 18S rRNA gene showed 24 T4 variants, with a predominance of the sub-genotype T4/A, followed by T4/B, T4/G, T4/C and T4/D. Bayesian analysis revealed three groups among the T4 variants: two well supported groups that included 12 and 7 sub-genotypes, respectively, and a weakly supported group that included 5 sub-genotypes. Most of the predominant T4 sub-genotypes belonged to the same group, which included 71.3% of the patients, while some minority variants lied mainly in the other two clusters. Conclusions T2, T4 and T11 genotypes were predominantly isolated from the Acanthamoeba keratitis patients in Chile. Chilean predominant T4 sub-genotypes, which have also been reported worldwide, formed a separate cluster of the minority T4 variants. This study provides useful information about the predominant genotypes and subgenotypes that would be useful in selecting suitable strains to develop immunological and/or molecular diagnostic assays in Chile.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-019-3302-5Acanthamoeba keratitisT4 genotypeT11 genotypeT2 genotypeASA.S1DF3 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
María Isabel Jercic Carolina Aguayo Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba Laura Muiño Stella Maris Chenet Jaime Lagos Antonio Osuna Jorge Fernández |
spellingShingle |
María Isabel Jercic Carolina Aguayo Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba Laura Muiño Stella Maris Chenet Jaime Lagos Antonio Osuna Jorge Fernández Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis Parasites & Vectors Acanthamoeba keratitis T4 genotype T11 genotype T2 genotype ASA.S1 DF3 |
author_facet |
María Isabel Jercic Carolina Aguayo Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba Laura Muiño Stella Maris Chenet Jaime Lagos Antonio Osuna Jorge Fernández |
author_sort |
María Isabel Jercic |
title |
Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis |
title_short |
Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis |
title_full |
Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis |
title_fullStr |
Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genotypic diversity of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from Chilean patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis |
title_sort |
genotypic diversity of acanthamoeba strains isolated from chilean patients with acanthamoeba keratitis |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Parasites & Vectors |
issn |
1756-3305 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Acanthamoeba spp. are the causative agents of a severe keratitis occurring mainly in contact lens wearers. The genus comprises more than 24 species that are currently divided into 20 different genotypes (T1-T20) according to sequence variations in the 18S rRNA gene. The objective of this study was to identify the genotypes and sub-genotypes of Acanthamoeba isolates collected at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Public Health Institute of Chile, the only laboratory in the country where Acanthamoeba screening is performed. This is the first report of genotypic identification of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba in Chile and one of the few in South America. Results In this study, 114 Acanthamoeba isolates from 76 Acanthamoeba keratitis patients, obtained between 2005–2016, were genotyped. T4 was the predominant genotype; T2 and T11 genotypes, which are scarcely reported worldwide, were also identified in Chilean patients (one and two patients, respectively). This is the first report of T2 and T11 genotypes isolated from Acanthamoeba keratitis patients in South America. It is also the first report of the T2 genotype circulating in this continent. Analysis of the diagnostic fragment 3 region of the 18S rRNA gene showed 24 T4 variants, with a predominance of the sub-genotype T4/A, followed by T4/B, T4/G, T4/C and T4/D. Bayesian analysis revealed three groups among the T4 variants: two well supported groups that included 12 and 7 sub-genotypes, respectively, and a weakly supported group that included 5 sub-genotypes. Most of the predominant T4 sub-genotypes belonged to the same group, which included 71.3% of the patients, while some minority variants lied mainly in the other two clusters. Conclusions T2, T4 and T11 genotypes were predominantly isolated from the Acanthamoeba keratitis patients in Chile. Chilean predominant T4 sub-genotypes, which have also been reported worldwide, formed a separate cluster of the minority T4 variants. This study provides useful information about the predominant genotypes and subgenotypes that would be useful in selecting suitable strains to develop immunological and/or molecular diagnostic assays in Chile. |
topic |
Acanthamoeba keratitis T4 genotype T11 genotype T2 genotype ASA.S1 DF3 |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-019-3302-5 |
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