Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Christine SM Lau,1,2 Ronald S Chamberlain1–3 1Department of Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ, USA; 2Saint George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies; 3Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA Intr...
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doaj-51f1955b2e5f4726bd07f25e3710797c2020-11-24T23:56:33ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of General Medicine1178-70742016-02-012016Issue 1273725677Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysisLau CSMChamberlain RSChristine SM Lau,1,2 Ronald S Chamberlain1–3 1Department of Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ, USA; 2Saint George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies; 3Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. CDI has increased in incidence and severity over the past decade, and is a growing worldwide health problem associated with substantial health care costs and significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis examines the impact of probiotics on the incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) among children and adults, in both hospital and outpatient settings. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of all published randomized control trials (RCTs) assessing the use of probiotics in the prevention of CDAD in patients receiving antibiotic therapy was conducted, and the incidence of CDAD was analyzed. Results: Twenty-six RCTs involving 7,957 patients were analyzed. Probiotic use significantly reduced the risk of developing CDAD by 60.5% (relative risk [RR] =0.395; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.294–0.531; P<0.001). Probiotics proved beneficial in both adults and children (59.5% and 65.9% reduction), especially among hospitalized patients. Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, and a mixture of probiotics were all beneficial in reducing the risk of developing CDAD (63.7%, 58.5%, and 58.2% reduction). Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing CDAD in patients receiving antibiotics. Additional studies are required to determine the optimal dose and strain of probiotic. Keywords: probiotics, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrheahttps://www.dovepress.com/probiotics-are-effective-at-preventing-clostridium-difficile-associate-peer-reviewed-article-IJGMProbioticsClostridium difficile-associated diarrheaAntibiotic-associated diarrhea |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lau CSM Chamberlain RS |
spellingShingle |
Lau CSM Chamberlain RS Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis International Journal of General Medicine Probiotics Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea Antibiotic-associated diarrhea |
author_facet |
Lau CSM Chamberlain RS |
author_sort |
Lau CSM |
title |
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short |
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full |
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr |
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort |
probiotics are effective at preventing clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
series |
International Journal of General Medicine |
issn |
1178-7074 |
publishDate |
2016-02-01 |
description |
Christine SM Lau,1,2 Ronald S Chamberlain1–3 1Department of Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ, USA; 2Saint George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies; 3Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. CDI has increased in incidence and severity over the past decade, and is a growing worldwide health problem associated with substantial health care costs and significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis examines the impact of probiotics on the incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) among children and adults, in both hospital and outpatient settings. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of all published randomized control trials (RCTs) assessing the use of probiotics in the prevention of CDAD in patients receiving antibiotic therapy was conducted, and the incidence of CDAD was analyzed. Results: Twenty-six RCTs involving 7,957 patients were analyzed. Probiotic use significantly reduced the risk of developing CDAD by 60.5% (relative risk [RR] =0.395; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.294–0.531; P<0.001). Probiotics proved beneficial in both adults and children (59.5% and 65.9% reduction), especially among hospitalized patients. Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, and a mixture of probiotics were all beneficial in reducing the risk of developing CDAD (63.7%, 58.5%, and 58.2% reduction). Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing CDAD in patients receiving antibiotics. Additional studies are required to determine the optimal dose and strain of probiotic. Keywords: probiotics, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea |
topic |
Probiotics Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea Antibiotic-associated diarrhea |
url |
https://www.dovepress.com/probiotics-are-effective-at-preventing-clostridium-difficile-associate-peer-reviewed-article-IJGM |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT laucsm probioticsareeffectiveatpreventingclostridiumdifficileassociateddiarrheaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT chamberlainrs probioticsareeffectiveatpreventingclostridiumdifficileassociateddiarrheaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |
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